论期待可能性理论的合理性——基于言伴语境理论的考察

只有在特定语境下才能达成对文本的理解和解释，言伴语境对意义生成具有重要作用。法律解释的言伴语境是当下案件事实。法官处理案件时在其前见的指引下根据法律规定选择、建构案件事实，根据案件事实赋予法律文本以语用意义，并且在语境和文本、案件事实和法律文本之间的多次循环往复中实现解释者和文本的视域融合，使法律文本的意义不断丰富和完善。刑法未规定期待可能性，但对其适用体现了言伴语境对文本意义的作用，因而其存在具有合理性。适用该理论不会打破法律的安定性和灵活性之间的平衡，法官因此而行使自由裁量权不违背现代法治精神。

On the Rationality of Expectations Possibility Theory

Only in a specific context the understanding and interpretation of the text can be reached and the context plays an important role in the growth of meaning.The current context of legal interpretation is the facts of the case.In handling the cases,the judges select and build facts according to the law under the guidance of previous knowledge,give legal texts its phrase meaning according to the facts of the case,and achieve the view of integration between the explainer and the text through the many cycles of context,text,facts of the case and legal texts,so that the meaning of legal texts has been continuously enriched and improved.As the Criminal Code does not provide expectation possibility,but its application reflects the function of context in the text meaning,so their existence is reasonable.The application of the theory will not break the balance between the stability and flexibility of law,so the judges do not violate the modern rule of law when exercising discretion.