论著作权集体管理中的私人自治——兼评我国集体管理制度立法的谬误

在著作权集体管理制度中,保证权利人、集体管理组织与使用者的私人自治,是集体管理得以发挥其制度优势,并在交易成本问题上优于其他类似制度的前提.私人自治的贯彻,既能实现市场供求信息在权利人与集体管理组织之间及时传递,也能保证定价机制随利用方式的变化灵活调整.由于我国集体管理组织由政府主导构建,因而缺乏私人自治存在和适用的土壤,使集体管理组织在运作中引发诸多社会矛盾.只有改变公权力的干预,并通过立法将私人自治体现在集体管理制度中,才能真正实现许可效率与传播效率的协调发展.

Private Autonomy of Copyright Collective Management

As an institution for promoting private ordering, copyright collective management manages copyrights based on copyright owners＇will. Private autonomy, as the basic rule in copyright collective management, makes the information a- bout market demand and supply transmit between copyright owners and copyright collective management organizations, and makes sure that collective licenses and price valuation systems can be adjusted frequently as utilization pattern changes. Due to the government control in China, private autonomy has been ignored in Chinese copyright collective management, and impedes the collective management organizations to enforce. Therefore, only if public power is removed from existing copyright collective management, collective management organizations may achieve their licensing and disseminating effi- ciency.