论侵害宗教财产目的性使用之法律救济——以寺院为主要景点设立风景名胜区牟利的行为为视角

通过以知名寺院为主要景点,隔绝或阻断通往知名寺院的道路,设立风景名胜区,以谋取经济利益的行为,本质上属于侵权行为,既侵害了僧众作为相邻关系主体所享有的相邻权,也侵害了信众和游客对寺院所提供的自由使用宗教财产的合法利益。对此种利益应当纳入《侵权责任法》上＂合法的民事权益＂的概念给予救济。风景名胜区应当无条件地为包括僧众、信众和游客在内的整个寺院宗教财产使用者群体,提供无偿地自由地接近和进出寺院的通行便利,以此保障该群体所享有的宗教性物质利益（僧众）、宗教性精神利益（僧众、信众）和一般性精神利益（游客）。

Legal Remedies for the Infringement of Intentionally Use of Religious Property

The acts that obtain economic benefits through establishing scenic spots,isolating the monasteries or blocking the road leading to the famous monasteries is essentially an infringement,which not only infringes the monks＇ interest,but also the believers and tourists＇ right of free use of the legitimate interests of religious property.Such benefits may be stipulated in the Tort Liability Act of PRC as the ＂legitimate civil rights＂ via the concept of relief.Scenic spots should unconditionally provide free access to temple to people include monks,pilgrims and tourists,including the entire monastic religious property.In order to protect the group to enjoy religious material interests （of monks）,religious and spiritual interests （of monks and believers） and general spirit interests （of tourists）.