涉案财产处置程序的完善——以审前程序为视角的分析

近年来,中国司法同时步入扫黑除恶和企业产权保护的元年,针对审前程序中涉案财物处置乱象问题,有必要厘清与规范涉案财物处置相关的制度与程序,强化民营企业产权司法保护。应当正确界定涉案财产的概念与范围,合理把握涉案财物的处置方式和处置标准,在区分程序性处置和实体性处置的基础上,从职能、权力和程序三个方面强化审前涉案财产处置的控制体系。为了应对实践中存在的处置任意化、程序偏行政化、移送和保管混乱等问题,应以取证规范化为基础强化涉案财物的审查认定,丰富涉案财物的保全措施体系,对审前处置程序进行正当化改造,建立和完善涉案财产集中管理制度。

On the Perfection of the Disposal Procedure of the Property Involved in Criminal Case: Analysis from the Perspective of Pre-trial Procedure

In recent years, Chinese judicature has entered into the period of anti-crime and enterprise property right protection at the same time. The disorderly disposal of the property involved in the pre-trial procedure remains to be solved. It is necessary to clarify and regulate the disposal procedure of property involved in criminal cases, strengthening the judicial protection of property rights of private enterprises. We should correctly define the concept and scope of the involved property, reasonably grasp the disposal methods and standards of the involved property. On the basis of distinguishing the procedural disposition from the substantive disposition, the control system of the disposition should be strengthened from three aspects: function, power and procedure. In order to solve the problems of arbitrary disposal, administrative procedure, disordered transfer and storage, it is suggested to strengthen the examination and identification of involved property on the basis of evidence standardization, enrich the preservation system of the involved property, carry out the legitimization reform of the pre-trial disposal procedure, establish and improve the centralized management system of the involved property.