基因编辑法律规制实践研究:以民事诉讼目的为视角

基因编辑因反映生物数据的特殊性被广泛应用在多个领域,由此产生的多元利益需求与安全风险呼吁制度保障。但基因决定论影响下的技术风险并未得到克服;基因编辑技术对传统的平等权和隐私规制造成冲击;并可能导致民事诉讼中职权调查范围扩大,法官自由心证受到技术为中心的鉴定结论影响,诉求的实现更加依赖公权力的参与。因此,基因编辑的法律规制在实践中并非单一面向,应当从生命的阶段性走向全方位调整;从个体信息需求走向信息安全整体性保护;从损害结果问责转向主体在全过程的行为规范;并在民事纠纷解决机制中体现多元价值导向,促进民事诉讼目的实现。

Practice Orientation of Legal Governance of Gene Editing: From the Perspective of the Purpose of Civil Action

Gene editing is widely used in many fields because it reflects the particularity of biological data. The resulting multiple interests and security risks call for system protection. Gene editing technology, the risks of which under the influence of gene determinism have not been overcome, has impacted traditional equality rights and privacy regulations, and may lead to the expansion of the scope of investigation power in civil litigation, Judges’ free will being affected by technology-centered conclusions and the realization of appeals depending more on the participation of public power. Therefore, the legal governance of gene editing is not one-sided. Which should be adjusted from the stage to all-round of life, from individual information protection to holistic protection of information security, and from accountability for damage results to specification of subjects participated in the whole process and should also reflect the multiple value orientation in the civil dispute settlement mechanism, and promotes the realization of the purpose of civil litigation.