污染源普查:官方主导抑或排污方主动申报——评《全国污染源普查条例》及其实施方式

全国性污染源普查——覆盖全国范围内全部污染源的调查——是必要的。但如何普查才能使效果既显著、花费又最低则是必须考虑的首要问题。《全国污染源普查条例》所规定的普查方式与本文设计的调查流程具有相同的机理：信赖排污方，相信其填报数据的真实性。但是前者调查成本远远高于后者，而调查效果和效率都不及后者。因此需要彻底反思现有的普查体制，废止该实施方式。

On Census of Pollution Source: Government-leading or Declared by Pollutant Discharging Organizations——Review on the Regulations on the State Census of Pollution Source and the Implementation

It is rather necessary to carry out a national census of the pollution source,but the prior concern is how to make it effective and at low cost.The census methods chosen by the Regulations and the investigation process designed and suggested by this paper adopt the same mechanism:to rely on the pollutant discharging organizations and to trust the accuracy of the data they filled out.But the cost of the former method is much higher than the latter,while less effective and efficient than the latter.So it is s...