国际货物销售风险转移问题探讨

国际货物销售法中的“风险”是指由于自然灾害、意外事故或销售合同当事人以外的原因造成的卖方交付的货物遭受损坏、灭失的风险。关于风险转移的法律制度表明了特定交易条件下风险自卖方转移至买方的准确的时间和地点 ,使我们能通过确定货物损失原因、性质 ,决定由哪一方承担风险损失责任。《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》关于风险转移的基本原则是当事人可以通过引用诸如Incoterms中的贸易术语在销售合同中规定风险转移界限 ,公约还提出 5种补充性的风险转移模式。公约还规定了卖方违约时仍应承担风险事故造成的货物损失责任

Probe into the Issue of Passing of Risk in International Sale of Goods

In the law of international sale of goods,"risk" refers to the risk of the goods delivered by sellers incurring losses caused by natural disasters,unexpected accidents,or other reasons other than the parties of the sale contract.The legal system of passing of risk shows the exact time and place for the risks passing from a seller to a buyer under a particular transaction condition,which makes us be able to decide which party shall assume the responsibility for the risk losses by establishing the reason and nature of the goods losses.The basic principle of the covenant concerning passing of risk is that the parties can prescribe the limit of passing the risk in the contract of sale by citing the trade terms in Incoterms.Five supplementary models of passing risk have been raised in the covenant.Under the covenant,the seller still had to assume the responsibility for the property losses caused by the accident of risk even when the seller breach the contract.