“法官不得拒绝裁判”原则的逻辑再造:从绝对性到相对性

作为一项现代司法原则,"法官不得拒绝裁判"已然广泛运用于我国司法实践中。在回应实践发展的理论研究中,"法官不得拒绝裁判"原则的本质界定居于中心位置。实践中,当事人视角下的"唯满意论"解读和裁判者视角下的"唯制定法论"解读,使其陷入了绝对化的陷阱,尤其在司法责任之归责模式上陷入"全有"或"全无"的窘境。"法官不得拒绝裁判"原则应当提倡作相对性解读:就整体层面而言,表现为司法解决纠纷范围的有限性;就具体层面而言,表现为司法裁判的过程性与"拒绝裁判"的多元性、"拒绝裁判"评价标准的客观性与合理性以及"拒绝裁判"受司法责任调整的有限性。唯有如此,"法官不得拒绝裁判"原则的规范意涵才能得以彰显。

The Logical Reconstruction of the Principle“Judge shall not Refuse the Referee”:From Absoluteness to Relativity

As a modern judicial principle,"judges must not refuse to judge"has been widely used in my country’s judicial practice.In the theoretical research in response to the development of practice,the essence of"judges must not refuse to judge"is central.In practice,the interpretation of"satisfaction only"from the perspective of the parties and the interpretation of"statutory only"from the perspective of the referee have caused them to fall into the trap of absoluteness,especially to the"all-owned"or"Nothing"dilemma.The essence of"judges must not refuse to judge"should be advocated as a"relative"interpretation,as far as the overall aspect is concerned,the scope of judicial dispute resolution is limited;as for the specific aspect,it is manifested as the process of judicial judgment and"refusal"The multiplicity of"judgment",the objectivity and rationality of the"refusal to judge"evaluation standard,and the limitedness of"refusal to judge"subject to adjustment of judicial responsibility.Only in this way can the standard meaning of"judges not refuse to judge"be manifested.