祛魅与自足:政治理论对宪法解释的影响及其限度

宪法学究其根本是为了适用宪法而对宪法文本进行解释的宪法释义学。但是,由于宪法文本的不确定性,在宪法解释中纳入政治的考量是不可避免的。对于同样的宪法条款,在不同的政治理论引导下,会得出完全不同的解释结果。考察政治理论对宪法解释的影响是一种社会科学对法学的逻辑自足的祛魅,是有价值的。但是,随意选择作为宪法解释“背景规范”的政治理论,会导致解释的恣意,损害法的安定性价值。所以,必须根植于本国的制宪历史、规范环境和宪法文本去容纳政治理论论证这种“外部论证”,消解其对宪法解释确定性的损害。

Disenchantment and Self-satisfaction: Influence of Political Theories on Constitutional Interpretation and Its Limits

The essence of the constitutional jurisprudence is the jurisprudence of constitutional interpretation to conduct interpretation of the text of constitution for its application.However,because of the uncertainty of the text of the constitution,it is inevitable to bring political consideration into the constitutional interpretation.For the same constitutional provision,there might be different interpretations under different guidance of political theories.Examination of the influence of political theories on constitutional interpretation is a kind of disenchantment by social science of the logic self-satisfaction of jurisprudence,and it is valuable.However,selection of political theory randomly as the "background norm" of constitutional interpretation will lead to arbitrary interpretation and harm the value of invariability of law.Therefore,it should be rooted in the native constitutional history,the environment of the norm as well as the constitutional text to accommodate this kind of "external argumentation" of political theory argumentation so as to eliminate the harm to the definiteness of constitutional interpretation.