Rough-and-Tumble Play and the Development of Physical Aggression and Emotion Regulation: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study |
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Authors: | Joseph L Flanders Melissa Simard Daniel Paquette Sophie Parent Frank Vitaro Robert O Pihl Jean R Séguin |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Psychology,McGill University,Montreal,Canada;2.Department of Psychology,Concordia University,Montreal,Canada;3.School of Psychoeducation,University of Montreal,Montreal,Canada;4.Department of Psychiatry,University of Montreal and Ste-Justine Hospital Research Center,Montreal,Canada |
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Abstract: | This is a follow-up to a study demonstrating that rough-and-tumble play was related to physical aggression in the preschool
years. Fathers reported on the frequency of father-child rough-and-tumble play interactions, and the degree to which fathers
were dominant in the play dyad was observed and coded from play interactions. In this follow-up study, school-aged children’s
physically aggressive behaviors and emotion regulation abilities were assessed with questionnaires 5 years later. Higher frequencies
of father-child rough-and-tumble play in the preschool years were associated with more physical aggression and worse emotion
regulation 5 years later for children whose fathers were less dominant, over and above the effects of physical aggression
in the preschool years. Rough-and-tumble play was unrelated to these measures among children whose fathers were more dominant
during play. This study shows that early rough-and-tumble play continues to be related to children’s psychosocial adjustment
over time, and that the effect remains moderated by the quality of the father-child relationship during play. |
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