宪法解释的规则综合模式与结果取向——以德国联邦宪法法院为中心的宪法解释方法考察

应以何种方法来解释宪法,是中国宪法学面临的重要课题。通过对德国联邦宪法法院宪法解释方法的考察可知,解释主体综合运用各种解释规则所形成的规则综合模式构成了传统的解释与推论模式中所谓的解释方法,但实际上确定宪法解释结论的是注重解释结论实体正当性的结果取向,而规则综合模式起到的仅是论证解释结论的作用。宪法解释方法是一个融汇解释规则适用与结果取向于一体的过程模式,规则综合模式在个案中的具体确定需要以基于结果取向的解释结论为依托,而结果取向对于解释结论的决定作用也被限定在规则综合模式所容许的范围之内。中国宪法的现行立法解释模式具备实现解释结论实体正当性之制度基础,但应加强解释规则层面上的论证。

Constitutional Interpretation’s Comprehensive Rule Method and Its Consequential Orientation

How to interpret the Constitution remains a major issue for the study of the Constitution in China.A review of the methods of interpreting the Constitution by the German Federal Constitution Court indicats that the rule-integrated model resultant from various rules for interpretaion used by the interpreting organ has served as the method of interpretation as mentioned in the traditional interpretative and deductive model.However,it is the result orientation which actually finalizes the interpretative result...