行政审批与权利转让合同的效力

在合同效力与合同履行相区分的制度平台上,行政审批的法律意义与权利转让合同的效力并非绝对绑定。实现国家管控权利变动的政策目标,存在行政审批与合同效力绑定、行政审批与合同效力区分两条进路。相较于二者绑定的现实选择,依循二者区分的进路,行政审批的法律意义仅在于控制相关合同的履行,由此权利转让合同即使未获审批,亦为有效合同。这便于助推合同机制的运作,相符于比例原则,且有利于合理分配因权利转让合同而产生之风险与负担,防范当事方的机会主义行为,为立法论层面的应然选择。在解释论层面,亦应厘清合同效力的长成逻辑,并采用目的论限缩的解释方法,尽量对现行立法做出权利转让合同效力与行政审批无涉的解释结论。

The Effect of Administrative Examination and Approval and Right Transfer Contract

Legal significance of administrative examination andapproval should not be absolutely bound with the effect of a right transfer contract at the system platform of differentiating the effect of contract from the performance of contract. There are two approaches of binding administrative examination and approval with the effect of right transfer contract and differentiating administrative examination and approval from the effect of contract to achieve the political objective of national governance on right changes. Compared to the practical potion of binding both, the legal significance of administrative examination and approval lies in the fact that it governs the performance of the contract so that the right transfer contract will be an effective contract even though it does not get approval in adhere to the approach of differentiating both. It assists in promoting the performance of contract mechanism, which conforms to the principle of proportionality. It is also beneficial to reasonably distribute the risks and burden arising from right transfer contracts and prevent opportunistic behaviors of the parties and thus should be an ought-to-be option from the perspective of legislation. From the perspective of interpretation, it is also necessary to clarify the formation logic of the effect of contract and endeavor to make an interpretive conclusion for existing legislation that the effect of right transfer contract is not bound with administrative examination and approval by adopting the interpretive method of limited teleology.