修法背景下我国独立体育仲裁制度的设立

现有的国际和国内体育争端解决体系基本都体现为以国际单项体育联合会及各国协会、独立体育仲裁机构(国际体育仲裁院或国内独立体育仲裁机构)、国内法院为主体的三层递进式架构。在我国,由于独立体育仲裁机制长期缺位,导致对内体育争端解决的专业性和法律效力不足,加之对外与国际争端解决机制的衔接不畅,难以公平、高效地解决体育争端,甚至造成了国内争端的国际化。《体育法》的修订为完善体育仲裁机制提供了契机,其中独立体育仲裁制度的设立应以体育自治为基础,建设完善的体育仲裁机制,通过设立中国体育仲裁委员会,进一步整合单项体育协会的内部仲裁机制,保障仲裁裁决一裁终局的效力,明晰仲裁范围,与国际体育争端解决机制形成平行且竞争的协同关系。

Establishment of Independent Sports Arbitration in China Under the Background of Amendment

The investigation of the existing international and domestic sports dispute settlement system is basically reflected in the three-layer progressive structure with international individual sports federations and national associations, independent sports arbitration institutions( international arbitration court of sports or domestic independent sports arbitration institutions) and domestic courts. In China, due to the long-term absence of domestic independent sports arbitration mechanism, the professional and legal effectiveness of domestic sports dispute settlement is insufficient, and the cooperation with international dispute settlement mechanism is not smooth, so it is difficult to solve sports disputes fairly and efficiently, further leading to the internationalization of domestic disputes. On the occasion of the revision of Sports Law, the establishment of an independent sports arbitration mechanism is the key content of the revision, and the system construction focuses on the establishment method of arbitration institutions and the determination of the arbitration scope. To establish China’s independent sports arbitration system, it is necessary to find the "living space" of domestic sports arbitration in the existing structure, and grasp its" survival way". On the basis of sports autonomy, we should build perfect independent sports arbitration mechanism on the basis of sports autonomy, and set up China Sports Arbitration Commission, further integrate the internal arbitration of individual sports association, guarantee the effectiveness of the arbitration award, clear the scope of arbitration, and form a parallel and competitive synergistic relationship with the international sports dispute settlement mechanism.