The Descent of Power: Possession,Mysticism, and Initiation in the Śaiva Theology of Abhinavagupta |
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Authors: | Christopher Wallis |
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Institution: | (1) University of California, Berkeley, USA |
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Abstract: | This paper surveys the key terms śaktipāta and samāveśa (both of which refer to religious experience) in the primary sources
of Tantric Śaivism over several centuries of textual development, building up a theory as to their range of meanings. It specifically
focuses on their usage by Abhinavagupta (Kāshmīr, 10th century) by presenting a complete translation of chapter 11 of his
Tantrasāra. The paper thus serves to (a) illuminate the nature of spiritual
experience and the qualifcations for religious praxis in Śaivism, (b) give insight
into the worldview of the Tantric Śaivas, and (c) help in pinpointing a specific
and significant issue in the phenomenological study of religion generally.
An earlier version of this paper has been published in a somewhat different form in Evam: Forum on Indian Representations
vol. 4, published by Samvad India, New Delhi, India.
This paper could not have been written without two years of intensive study with Professor Alexis Sanderson of All Souls College,
Oxford, whose scholarship has proved essential in advancing my understanding of Śaivism. Also very helpful was Dr. Somadeva
Vasudeva, now of Columbia University, whose database and encyclopedic knowledge have been invaluable. The germ of the idea
for this article was suggested to me when Professor Paul Muller-Ortega (University of Rochester) first pointed out to me the
passage beginning at MVT 2.14. |
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Keywords: | Religious experience India South Asia Hinduism Ś aivism Tantra Kā shmī r Abhinavagupta Sanskrit Philosophy Theology Possession Mysticism Initiation Ś aktipā ta Samā veś a |
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