财产权二元体系新论——以排他性财产权与非排他性财产权的区分为视角

在财产权体系内,既有支配性和排他性兼具的物权、知识产权,也有支配性和排他性都不具备的财产权(如普通的合同债权),还有无支配性但有排他性的财产权(如经预告登记的债权)。财产权的性质不同,其构造技术也不相同。如果以"排他性与非排他性及与之相适应的权利构造技术"为区分要素,可将财产权分为排他性的财产权和非排他性的财产权。这种新的财产权二元体系的建构可以在保持与传统民法上物权、债权二元权利体系的传承性的同时,涵盖知识产权及其它财产权类型,并且有助于我们清晰地认识各种财产权的性质、效力以及与之相适应的权利构造特点和要求,从而有助于我们对各种财产权制度的构建和完善。

Novel Analysis of Binary System of Property: From the Perspective of the Division of Exclusive Property and Nonexclusive Property

Within the system of property,there are dominant and exclusive real right and IPR,non-dominant and nonexclusive property(e.g.ordinary contract claim),and non-dominant but exclusive property(e.g.herald registered claims).Property rights with different natures vary in their conformation techniques.With "exclusiveness and non-exclusiveness and relevant conformation techniques" as a distinguishing element,property rights can be divided into exclusive and nonexclusive ones.The new binary system of property will not only inherit the legacy of the binary system of real right and liability in traditional civil law,but also contain intellectual property rights and other property rights.Further,it is conducive to understanding of the nature,effect,and relevant characteristics and requirements of conformation techniques of all kinds of property,and to establishment and improvement of all kinds of property institutions.