提单首要条款性质的研究

提单首要条款是规定有关承运人权利、义务、责任和免责适用某一国际公约的条款 ,它是当事人意思自治在法律选择上的体现。首要条款和提单法律适用条款都是当事人就提单运输适用法律所作的选择 ,前者是对国际公约的选择 ,后者是对某国法的选择。无论法院地国是否为缔约国对首要条款的效力都应尊重和承认

The Nature of Paramount Clause in Bill of Lading

The paramount clause in the bill of lading is a clause that stipulates the carrier's rights, liabilities, responsibilities and immunity that are applied to a certain international convention, and is an autonomy of the parties' will. So it is a choice of law clause. The paramount clause and legal applicable clause of the bill of lading are the choice of the parties' application to the law for carriage by the bill of lading, which may be chosen to apply to either international convention or domestic law. The effect of the paramount clause should be respected by Forum state no matter what the state is a contracting party to a certain international convention.