沈钧儒地方自治思想探析

地方自治思想是沈钧儒宪政思想的重要内容,沈钧儒一贯主张地方分权,认为地方自治是宪政实施的基础。在民国时期,基于反对独裁、反对专制、反对中央集权的立场,他拥护联省自治,提倡地方选举。在抗战期间,他主张实现地方自治是保证抗战胜利的条件,呼吁厉行地方自治。他对于地方权限的范围、中央与地方的均权模式等问题也进行过深入思考。沈钧儒主张地方自治,并不是反对国家统一,更不是要分裂国家。他希望建立一个在统一主权之下,以地方自治为基础的宪政共和国。

A Study of Shen Jun-ru's Local Self-Governance

Shen Jun-ru's constitutionalism was characterized by his idea of local self-governance,who consistently advocated decentralization and deemed it a basis of constitution. During the democratic revolution period,Shen Jun-ru supported self-governance of united provinces and upheld local election. In anti-Japanese War,he articulated that self-governance was the premise of victory and vigorously appealed decentralization. He thoughtfully defined and formulated the ambit of local power and the mode of separation of central and local powers. While endorsing local self-governance,he was by no means opposed to state unification,nor supported state secession. Rather,he looked forward to a sovereign constitutional republic embedded in local self-governance.