论刑事附带民事诉讼制度的立法完善——从被害人民事权益保障视角的思考

现行《刑事诉讼法》所规定的刑事附带民事诉讼制度,全面承袭了1979年《刑诉法》的相应规定,在刑事司法审判中已经明显不适应对于被害人权利保护的需要。充分保障被害人的权利,在程序上应当对于附带民事诉讼的受案范围;被害人提起附带民事诉讼的方式;被害人在诉讼中的权利和义务;附带民事诉讼中的反诉;撤回公诉以后附带民事诉讼的处理等等问题进行完善。在完善相应程序制度的方式上,应当通过立法修改的方式进行,而不是采用现行司法解释的方式。

On Improvement of the Statutory Framework of a Criminal Case with Supplementary Civil Claims -- Consideration from a Perspective of Protection of a Victim's Rights

The framework of a criminal case with supplementary civil claims provided in the existing Criminal Procedure Act, which is taken from the Criminal Procedure Act of 1979, is obviously out of date and can no longer meet the need to protect a victim's rights in criminal proceedings. To fully protect a victim's interests by way of procedures, it is necessary to improve some aspects of this framework. For instance, the scope of the jurisdiction, the means of the victim to institute collateral civil claims, the rights and duties of the victim, the counter- claim in the action and the disposal of the civil claims if the prosecution is withdrawn should all be reconsidered. As to the ways of the improvement of procedures, legislative amendments should be preferred rather than judicial interpretations.