社群主义的自我观——兼评社群主义与新自由主义之争

为了理解社群主义与新自由主义的争论,有必要梳理社群主义代表人物的自我观,因为其自我观特别是自我与社群关系的观点处在它对新自由主义全方位批判的最基础的层面.泰勒要求超出原子主义的狭隘视界,探讨主体的本质以及人类自为的条件;他认为,实施强评价是人类自为的本质特征.麦金太尔揭示了启蒙主义对道德合理性论证的失败,提出了其叙事模式的自我观.桑德尔从其“构成性的自我观“出发,认为“占有性的主体“应是“我们“而不是“我“.在社群主义与新自由主义之争的评价问题上,伯内斯及晚近的泰勒都表现出了超越二者抽象对立的意向,可供我们借鉴.

Conception of the Self in Communitarianism--Also on Dispute between Communitarianism and New Liberalism

To understand the dispute between Communitarianism and New Liberalism, It is necessary to card the conception of self of representative Communitarianists, because their conception of self, especially the idea about the relation between self and community, is the basis of its criticism of New Liberalism.Taylor demands to go beyond the narrow field of vision of atomism and explores the nature of subject and the condition of man for himself. He holds that to carry out strong comment is the natural feature of man for himself. Maclntyre reveals the failure of enlightenment in its proof of rationality of morals and puts forward his conception of the self of narrative mode. Sandel thinks that possessive subject should be "we" not "I", from his constitutive conception of the self. In the question of comment on dispute between Communitarianism and New Liberalism, Bernice and Taylor recently show tendency to go beyond the abstract opposition of the two, which we can use for reference.