新冠肺炎疫情对现代世界体系的影响 ——兼谈中国在全球治理体系重塑中的新作用

2020年全球暴发的新冠肺炎疫情对现代世界体系中的经济与政治均产生了重大影响,并加速了当今世界百年未有之大变局。自从人类社会进入资本主义阶段,现代世界体系便开始形成,并在百余年前发展成为全球性体系。这一体系内部始终存在着最为基本的两对矛盾——资本主义生产社会化与生产资料私有制之间的矛盾和主权国家与资本主义世界市场之间的矛盾,这两对基本矛盾推动了现代世界体系中的百年未有之大变局。新冠肺炎疫情对现代世界体系中的世界市场经济体系和以主权国家为主体的国际政治体系产生了冲击,加剧了世界经济动能转换以及国际格局和力量对比的深刻变化。在当今世界面临百年未有之大变局的时候,以中国为首的新兴大国在全球治理体系重塑中将发挥新的作用。

The Coronavirus Pandemic and Modern World System

The rampaging coronavirus pandemic and its economic and political fallout have accelerated the unfolding profound changes in our world.The modern world system came into being with the emergence of a capitalist model of economic production and finally covered every corner of the globe as this model was adopted as the defining economic feature in human existence more than a century ago.What has been driving the evolution of the modern world system is what Karl Marx called the two inherent“contradictions,”one between socialized production and private ownership,and the other between a world market and its constituents,sovereign states.The coronavirus pandemic has created a huge impact on the world’s market-oriented economic system and sovereign state-centered political system by further moving the world closer to a multipolar system and to a new growth model that depends more and more on the deployment and application of new technologies,such as artificial intelligence,cloud computing,and the Internet of things.In a world that is transitioning from a Western-dominated one to a new system with a more even distribution of global power,China,along with other emerging powers,will have a larger role to play in global governance.