新时代工会参与构建和谐劳动关系面临的挑战及其应对——基于深圳工会试验区改革的分析

构建和谐劳动关系是新时代中国劳动关系发展的方向和目标,而工会作为劳动关系的重要一方,是构建和谐劳动关系的重要参与主体。新时代工会参与构建和谐劳动关系面临着劳动力市场分割、职工群体性事件诱因转变、经济下行压力和中美经贸摩擦的负面影响,以及隐含在“三新”就业中的职工权益保护难题等挑战。面对这些挑战所带来的劳动关系不确定性,深圳工会试验区在参与构建和谐劳动关系方面进行了有益的探索。重塑工会以应对劳动关系的不确定性、积极发挥工会参与社会治理的作用、培育基层工会的治理能力、加强工会服务职能建设和建立冲突事件预警与处理机制等是新时代工会参与构建和谐劳动关系的基本经验。

Challenges and Countermeasures of Trade Unions in Participating in Constructing Harmonious Labor Relations in the New Era An Analysis Based on the Reform of Shenzhen Trade Unions Pilot Zone

Constructing harmonious labor relations is the direction and goal of labor relations development in China in the new era. Trade Unions, as an important party in labor relations, is an important participant in constructing harmonious labor relations. In the new era, the Trade Unions faces a number of challenges in constructing harmonious labor relations, such as labor market segmentation, changes in incentives for group incidents of employees, downward pressure on the economy, the negative impact of Sino-US economic and trade frictions, as well as protection of employees’ rights and interests implicit in the "three new" employments. Faced with the uncertainty of labor relations caused by these challenges, the Shenzhen Trade Unions Pilot Zone has conducted useful explorations in participating in constructing harmonious labor relations. The study found that the basic experience of trade unions participation in constructing harmonious labor relations is 1) to reshape trade unions in dealing with the uncertainty of labor relations;2) actively play the role of trade unions in social governance;3) to cultivate the governance capabilities of grassroots trade unions;4) to strengthen the construction of trade unions service functions;and 5) to establish conflict incidents warning and handling mechanisms.