非公有制企业集体协商 ：问题、困境与对策

在我国劳动关系集体化转向的背景下，集体协商与集体谈判的区别、非公企业集体协商的适用范围、工会组织的角色与作用是推进非公有制企业集体协商亟待思考的深层次问题。当前，我国非公企业集体协商工作面临的主要困境是集体协商尚未成为非公企业劳资双方的强制性法定义务、集体协商尚未成为非公企业工会的核心工作、非公企业工会主席尚未在集体协商中发挥出关键性的作用以及各类主体在非公企业集体协商中所承担的角色亟待厘清。为进一步完善我国非公企业集体协商制度，在观念层面，应正确理解集体协商的实质性内涵及其重要作用；在工会层面，必须切实发挥非公企业工会的关键作用和各级总工会的领导作用：在立法层面，可以在条件成熟时制订修订相关法律法规。

Research into Collective Negotiation of Non-public Enterprises: Problems,Dilemmas and Countermeasures

In the context of the colleetive transformation of labor relations in our country, the difference between collective negotiation andcolleetive bargaining, the seope of application of collective negotiation in non-public enterprises, and the roles and functions of trade unionorganizations are deep-level issues to be considered urgently for the promotion of collective negotiation in non-public enterprises. At present, themain dilemma of the collective negotiation in non-public enterprises in our country is that collective negotiation has not yet become a mandatorylegal obligation for both employers and employees of non-public enterprises and the core work of the trade unions of non-public enterprises. Thechairmen of the trade unions of non-public enterprises do not play the key role in collective negotiation, as well as the roles of various entities inthe collective negotiation of non-public enterprises need to be urgently clarified. To further improve the collective negotiation system of non-publicenterprises in our country, we should, at the conceptual level, corectly understand the substantive connotation and its important role; at the tradeunions level, the key role of non-public enterprise trade unions and the leadership role of the federations at all levels must be effectively brought intoplay; and at the legislative level, relevant laws and regulations can be formulated and revised while conditions are ripe.