西南水电资源开发中少数民族移民问题与对策

无论从水电资源的分布还是从开发程度看，大西南都是我国水电资源开发的重点区域。移民问题在水电资源开发中从来就占有极其重要的地位。旧的计划经济体制下的西南水电资源开发在总体上形成了广大移民尤其是少数民族移民“念开发愈穷”的严重问题，必须通过等价赔偿、资源入股的市场化制度改革，以及对少数民族移民的特殊关注，方能理顺国家、水电企业与少数民族移民的经济关系，使水电资源开发摆脱传统的计划经济体制的羁绊，成为国家、企业和当地少数民族移民共同发展、稳定、富裕的源泉。

Ethnic Groups Relocation Issues and Solutions in Hydro-electric Power Development in Southwestern China

Southwest China is the key region of hydro-electric power resources exploitation, due to its distribution and exploitation level in this region. Relocation tas been a important issue in hydro-electric power development.Under the old system of planned economy, a serious problem has merged in the exploitation of hydro-electric power in Southwest China that the vast reloca- tees, especially the ethnic groups suffer more severe poverty instead of benefiting as a result of the exploitation. It is, therefore, a must to introduce the market economic mechanism, such as equivalent compensa- tion, and resource share-holding, and to give special consideration to the relocation of ethnic groups, which will rationalize the economic relations between the government, hydro-electric power development enterprises and re- location of ethnic groups, free the hydro-electric power exploitation from the constrains of traditional planned sys- tem, and make hydro-electric power development a source of development, stability, and weal for the govern- ment, hydro-electric power development enterprises and ethnic groups.