地方性知识的文本世界——贵州地方志修纂源流考论

本文以辨章学术,考镜源流的方法,详细勾勒了自宋元迄民国贵州地方志各阶段发展的具体面相,认为贵州方志的远源可追溯至《华阳国志》,正式出现则在宋代。元代继续发展,明代基本定型,清代鼎盛而有所提高,民国出现新的转型性变化。大量的地方志乘的修纂,既体现了传统史学顽强保存文化记忆的历史性特征,同时也为我们建构了一个地方性知识的文本世界。除了方志自身内部的发展理路外,行政理性力量的介入推动,地方文化意识的自我觉醒,传统士大夫立言不朽的价值诉求,都促进了志乘事业的发展。作为地方性知识宝库的志书文本,其所涉及的内容极为广泛,举凡政治之隆替,文化之盛衰,经济之荣瘁,民生之忧戚,均可依据相应的方隅区划考而得之。

The Text World of Local Knowledge——On the Compilation Headstream of Guizhou Chorography

The text particularizes the all parts of each developing period of Guizhou chorography from the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China by the means of distinguishing the academic genre and analyzing the academic headstream,considers that the origin of Guizhou chorography perhaps is traced back to Hua Yang Guo Zhi,and in due form appears in the Song Dynasty.Guizhou chorography went on developing in the Yuan Dynasty,was basically definitized in the Ming Dynasty,was advanced at which height of power and splendour in the Qing Dynasty,and appeared the new transformation in the Republic of China.A great deal of compilation of Guizhou chorography not only reflect historical character of traditional historiography firmly preserving the culture memory,but also build the text world of local knowledge.Besides the interior development rule of chorography itself,the intervening and impelling of administration rational force,the self-awakening of local culture consciousness and the value pursue of traditional scholar-bureaucrats by expounding their imperishable ideas in writing,all of which promote the development of aspiration career.As the local knowledge treasury,the chorogophic text content is wide-ranging,as long as the politics rising and falling,the culture eating and flowing,the economy ups and downs,and the people's livelihood standing or falling,all might be realized by investigating corresponding division into districts.