代际交换对中国农村老年人健康状况的影响:基于性别差异的纵向研究

本文利用西安交通大学2001-2003年“安徽省老年人生活福利状况”跟踪调查数据,采用Logistic模型,研究农村老年人代际交换对其健康状况影响的性别差异。本文发现,男性老人对子女的经济支持和情感交流有利于其健康状况,但子女对其生活照料的增加对其健康状况不利。而女性老人对子女生活照料的增加和情感交流对其健康状况有利,子女对其的经济支持则对其健康状况不利。这种基于老人需求的代际交换模式一方面说明子女对老人经济和生活照料的增加在一定程度上暗含了老人健康状况的恶化;另一方面则体现老人对子女的支持和帮助可能得到子女的回馈和补偿,有利于其健康状况。

Intergenerational Transition and Its Influence on Health of the Elderly in Rural China: A Study of Gender Differences across Generations

Using data from the baseline and follow-up surveys of "Welfare of the Elderly in Anhui Province,China" conducted in 2001 and in 2003 respectively by the Institute of Population and Development Studies of the Xi'an Jiaotong University,this paper adopts the logistic model to identify gender differences in the effect of intergenerational transition on health of the Chinese rural elderly.The results show that while the increase of supports from children to the elderly worsens the health of elder men,the increase of financial supports from the elderly to children and the increase of emotional supports between the elderly and their children better the health of older men.As for older women,though the increase of support from the elderly to children and emotional support better the health of elder women,the financial supports from children to the elderly worsens the health of elder women.The results indicate that the intergenerational exchanges of support between the elderly and their children improve the reciprocity of relationships between the generations,which better the health of the elderly.Increasing children's economic and material support may,however,lead to deterioration of health among the elderly.