中国妇女运动实践对妇女理论基本概念的建构--"五·四"时期"女子解放"的含义及其理论背景

本文以为,有中国特色的妇女理论建设要在妇女运动实践中进行基本概念和理论的梳理,因而运用文献研究的方法,对"五@四"时期有关妇女问题的理论观点进行了分析,从中发现其基本概念、核心内涵及其理论背景.认为这一时期妇女理论的核心概念是"女子解放",其基本含义是女子摆脱屈从男子的地位,获得精神和物质的自由.其理论背景较为复杂,有"天赋人权"理论、社会有机体理论、进化论、人道主义理论,而最主要的是马克思主义理论.马克思主义理论的影响直接表现为几个分析范畴的产生"妇人运动"与阶级、妇女与劳工、妇女与社会主义、妇女与民主.

The Practice of the China Women's Movement in Respect of the Buildup of the Basic Women-oriented Theory--The Implication of "Women's Emancipation" in the "May 4 Movement" Period and Its Theoretical Background

According to the author, in order to build up a women-oriented theory ith Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to sort out the basic concept and theory in the practice of the women's movement. In this paper, therefore, the author, on the strength of a documentary research methodology, analyses the women-related theories and viewpoints of the "May 4 Movement" period, thus finding out their basic concept, central content and theoretical background. The author is of the opinion that the central concept on the women-related theory in this period is "women's emancipation," whose basic implication is women's riddance of their subordination to men and their acquisition of spiritual and material freedoms. The theoretical background in this connection is rather complicated, consisting of the natural right theory, the theory of social organism, the theory of evolution, the theory of humanitarianism, and, primarily, the Marxist theory. The influence of the Marxist theory is directly manifested in the emergence of the following categories of analysis: "women's movement" and classes, women and labor, women and socialism, and women and democracy.