北京市女性老年人口的现状及未来发展趋势分析

在人口老龄化过程中,男女两性寿命差距不断扩大,老年人口中女性老人所占比例不断提高。由于女性在社会发展中受到了不公平的待遇,在晚年阶段形成的女性老年人问题将更加严重。本文利用2000年第五次人口普查0.95%的原始数据对北京市老年女性的现状进行了分析描述,结果表明,北京市女性老年人的教育程度、在业率低于男性老人,而丧偶率、经济依赖性则较男性老人高。最后对北京市女性老年人口的未来发展趋势进行了预测,提出在就学、就业、社会保障等方面保护老年女性实现晚年的平等权益。

The Present Conditions of Beijing's Female Senior Citizens and the Trend of Future Development

The disparity of life span between men and women has widened continuously in the process of the aging of China's population,with the proportion of women among senior citizens steadily on the increase.As women suffer unfair treatment in the course of social development,their problem will become even more serious in their old age.In this paper,an analysis of the present conditions of Beijing's female senior citizens based on 0.95% of the primary data from the 2000 Fifth National Population Census shows that the educational level and employment rate of female senior citizens are both lower than men's whereas their spouse-bereft rate and financial dependency are both higher than men's.The paper concludes with a prediction of the trend of future development of Beijing's female senior citizens,together with proposals for protecting female senior citizens' rights and interests in such spheres as education,employment and social security.