失信联合惩戒的地方立法实践及反思

作为一种核心机制,失信联合惩戒在社会信用体系的构建中发挥着无法替代的功能,对于营造诚信的社会经济环境意义重大。实证分析显示,囿于全国性法律的暂时缺失,地方立法在先行先试的过程中出现对失信联合惩戒制度本身的规制缺位、失信行为的种类划分标准参差不齐、失信主体的救济措施缺失以及失信联合惩戒体系互异等现实难题。对此,应当以合法原则、后果与行为相当、必要限度以及责任自负为基本遵循,通过明确区分标准,将失信行为分门别类,完善立法设计,建立失信主体救济机制以及加强法律控制,对相关法律文件进行合法性审查,推进社会信用法律出台,构建统一的失信联合惩戒体系等举措,完善社会信用体系建设,助推国家治理法治化进程。

Practice and Reflection on Local Legislation of Joint Punishment for Breaking Faith

As a coremechanism,joint sanctions for dishonesty play an irreplaceable function in the construction of a social credit system,which is of great significance to creating a credible social and economic environment.Based on empirical analysis,it is found that due to the temporary lack of national laws,the local legislation is in the process of first trial and there is a lack of regulation of the joint punishment system for dishonesty,the classification standards for dishonesty behavior are uneven,and relief measures for dishonest subjects There are practical problems such as missing and different joint disciplinary systems for dishonesty.In this regard,the principle of legality,equivalent consequences and behavior,necessary limits,and self-sufficiency of responsibility should be basically followed,and the untrustworthy behavior should be classified through clear distinction standards,perfect legislative design,establish a relief mechanism for untrustworthy subjects,and strengthen legal control.Conduct legitimacy reviews,promote the promulgation of social credit laws,build a unified joint punishment system for untrustworthiness,and improve the construction of the social credit system to promote the legalization of national governance.