俄罗斯政治发展的现实困境与路径选择

经过20年的转型,俄罗斯在遵循民主政治基本原则的基础上,已经确立了宪政民主的框架。然而,西方的民主政治并不适合俄罗斯政治发展的实际,处于转型期的民主政治体制仍然存在着许多缺陷。"超级总统制"的宪政设计、"无执政党"的政党政治与发育不良的公民社会成为制约俄罗斯政治发展三个主要障碍。照搬西方政治模式只能意味着俄罗斯政治发展的失败,立足现实国情,尊重文化传统,加强权力的分享与制衡,形成民主、权威与法治相结合的政治发展道路是可行的选择。

The Realistic Dilemma of Russian Political Development and the Choice of the Road

Through twenty years of social transformation,Russia has established its framework of constitutional democracy based on the fundamental democratic principles.But Western democratic politics by no means fits the reality of Russian political development.There are still lots of defects in its democratic system,among which super presidential government,party government without government party and hypogenetic civil society are the three main obstacles restricting the development of Russian politics.The copy of the Western political pattern can only mean the failure of the Russian political development,whereas the following options in its political developing road are more practicable: developing its politics on the realistic national conditions,respecting its cultural tradition,partaking and balancing its power,combining democracy,authority and law as a whole.