20世纪中国土司制度研究的理论与方法

20世纪 ,在对中国土司制度研究的理论与方法上 ,可分为两个时期 ,2 0世纪前 4 0多年为初创时期 ,后 5 0余年为发展时期。但所谓的发展 ,只不过是研究形式的发展 ,其基本方法仍沿袭了传统的实证法 ,在分析研究方面做得还不够。应将土司制度作为“民族政策”来研究 ;研究方法做到实证法与理论分析法相结合 ,召开针对具体问题的研讨会 ;做好资料的汇集整理 ;成立“中国历代民族政策研究学会”。只有这样才能把中国土司制度的研究引向深入。

Theories and Methods in China's Chieftain System Studies during the 20th Century

Two phases were remarkable considering the theories and methods in China's chieftain system studies during the 20th century. The first was from the beginning of the century to the 1940s and the second, the remaining decades. Though the second phase was considered the time when studies enjoyed well development, it was in fact the development in the forms of study while traditional practical approaches still predominated. Moreover, analytical studies were uncommon. The author holds that, studies on the chieftain system should be put in the context of "ethnic policy studies," practical approaches and theoretical analysis be combined, workshops aiming to solve specific problems be held regularly, and materials and documents,be properly managed. Furthermore, it is necessary to establish a " Society for China's Ethnic Policy Studies in Different Dynasties." It is hoped that these efforts will promote the studies of China's chieftain system .