从银绢并用到银绢分离--北宋时期的银绢关系试探

北宋初期,失去货币资格的绢帛与白银一道,常常被用于与其它商品互换.但仁宗朝以后,专用白银而不用绢的记载增加.尤其是神宗朝以后,不仅银绢同用减少,而且不少日常交易、支付事例中,出现了以银代绢的现象,甚至有的事例开始具有了以银买绢的意味.此时,商品市场上完成了从银绢并用到银绢分离的转变.这标志着,在当时的商品货币关系中,白银开始从包括绢帛在内的普通商品中分离出来,向充当一般等价物的特殊商品--货币过渡.白银货币化的序幕由此揭开.

From the Coexistence of Silver and the Silk as Currency to the Dismissal of the Silk--The Relations between Silver and the Silk in the North Song Dynasty

At the beginning of the North Song Dynasty, together with silver, the silk that had lost the function of currency was used to exchange for other commodities. However, more and more records showed that after Emperor Renzong, silver became exclusively the currency while the silk was dismissed. Particularly, after Emperor Shenzong, silver and the silk were not used simultaneously and later the former completely replaced the latter in daily business. Sometimes, silver was even used to buy the silk. At this point, the coexistence of silver and the silk in the market began to collapse and silver became exclusively the monetary unit, totally different from other ordinary commodities. This was the beginning of the silver used as money.