经验法则在事实推定中的运用

在民事诉讼活动中,事实推定作为法官认定案件事实的一种裁判方法,其应用范围比法律推定更为广泛。经验法则的盖然性赋予了事实推定方法以正当性,法官应当依据一般性的经验法则来推定事实。实践中的事实推定面临着经验法则的有限性与案件事实的无限性之间的矛盾,解开这个矛盾的方法就是将事实推定的适用条件落实在法律条文中,实行法官的心证公开,统一各院的裁判尺度。

The Rule of Thumb in Presumption of Fact

As a measure of judging the facts in issue,the presumption of fact is practiced more widely than presumption of law in judicial areas.The high probability of rule of thumb decides the justice of presumption of fact.The judges should presume the facts by generally accepted rule of thumb.In judicial practices,the presumption of fact faces the contradiction between the limitation of presumption of fact and the immensity of facts in issue.The way to solve this problem is regulating the qualification of presumption of fact in law,opening the train of thoughts of judges to the public,unifying the scale of judgments in all courts.