跨文化视野下台湾原住民的族群认知与“族称”

台湾原住民的“族称”演变，是两千年来以“汉番（原汉）”关系为主轴的跨文化互动与认知的反映。由于台湾原住民缺乏本民族自身的文献历史，族群历史的被动记忆保留在异文化的文本中，从汉唐宋明时期“化外”接触中的“夷”、“番”，清代“理番教化”中的“生（野）番”与“熟（化）番”，日据时代“皇民化蕃政”下的“生蕃”与“高砂族”九族，光复以来“山地行政”下的“山胞”十族，从笼统、概括的“统称”到各族群的识别与相应“族称”，都是它文化视野下的认知符号。最近一段时期以来，“原住民运动”过程中“正名”的“原住民”十四族，则潜伏着来自原住民族群以外的“台独”政治用力。

The Identification and Names of Taiwan Aboriginal Groups on the Cross-Cultural Perspectives

The changing of the names of Taiwan aboriginal groups was the reflection of interaction between Han people from mainland and indigenous groups in past 2000 years. For the lack of their own writing documentation, the aboriginal history was recorded in text of Han peoples. The names of aboriginal as Yi（夷） and Fan（番） before Ming Dynasty,barbarian （ 生番、野番） and assimilated native （ 熟番、化番 ） in Qing Dynasty, barbarian （生蕃、野蕃 ） and 9 ethnic groups of Gaosha （ 高砂族） during Japanese occupation ,and 10 groups of mountainous compatriots （山胞）or 14 groups of aboriginal （原住民） after retrocession, were identifications from other people＇s cultural perspectives.