中国“三农”问题新动态与乡村发展模式的选择——以福建乡村调研和乡村建设的实证研究为例

该文通过对福建若干代表性乡村的实证调查，探讨了新时期中国“三农”问题新动态，即表现为农村经济、环境和社会等三方面交织的难题。其症结是长期的城乡“二元”政策造成农民数量过多，也是加入世贸组织后不加区别的农产品市场化安置，更是乡村建设和农民组织化的长期缺位。为此，该文从农村城镇化、健全农村合作社构建机制以及发展生态农业等3个方面提出新“三农”问题的应对之策。并以泉州市安溪县福田乡生态茶业、莆田市东桥镇汀塘村的生态城镇、连城县培田村的古民居（文化）产业合作社和福州市郊县林柄村的社区支持农业引导城乡互动为例，深入分析四个可能的乡村发展模式，说明在构建这些模式的过程中，重估农业的多功能性价值以及推动社会参与下的乡村社会管理创新的重要意义。

New Trends of "The Triple-issues of Agriculture" and Choice of Rural Developmental Modes of China: A Case of the Empirical Study on Rural Construction in Fujian Province

Having studied several representative rural samples in Fujian province,the author discusses the new trends of "The Triple-issues of Agriculture" in current China featuring the interwoven issues concerning rural economy,environment and society,whose causation includes the excessive amounts of peasants due to the long term rural-urban dual policy,the indiscriminative marketization for agricultural produce since entering WTO,and the long time vacancy of rural construction and farmers’ organizations.Four modes set for rural development are illustrated in this article based on the empirical study on the Futian Ecological Tea Industry in Anxi county,the Tingtang Ecological Town in Putian city,the Peitian Ancient Folk House Cooperation in Liancheng county and Linbing CSA-oriented Rural-urban Mutual Interaction in Fuzhou city.The author concludes that to well build those modes,it is vitally important to re-evaluate the multi-functions of agriculture and motivate the non-governmental organizations to participate in the management innovation in the rural construction.