新奥尔良飓风灾难应对失当的成因剖析

举世瞩目的新奥尔良飓风灾难及随后问题百出的救援过程,折射出公共管理和城市管理过程中仍存在许多值得政府管理工作者高度重视的问题。本文从城市管理、危机管理和公共管理的角度对导致这次灾难加深加重的原因进行剖析,特别探讨了城市规划失误、财政专项资金挪用、危机预警意识薄弱、行政效率低下、忽视弱势群体以及政府间关系协调失当等原因。最后,本文强调了新奥尔良飓风灾难这一典型案例对中国的城市管理和危机管理的借鉴意义。

Causes of the Disastrous Response to Katrina in New Orleans

The devastation at New Orleans caused by Hurricane Katrina and the subsequent failure of emergency management reflected too much problems that should be focused by government agencies and public administrators.This article presents an urban management,emergency management and public management perspective on Katrina as a case of "grand failure",offering a number of key lessons learned from Katrina,such as mistakes on urban planning,embezzlement of special financial funds,weak emergency preparation consciousness,low administration efficiency,regardless of poor residents and black people,the mess relationships between governments,and etc.At last,the essay emphasized the reference meaning of Katrina to the urban management and emergency management in China.