| 摘 要： | The paper aims to provide a framework for understanding the global impact
of the rise of the “Second World” (emerging powers, such as BRICS) brought about
by globalization and the transformation of international relations and international
political economy. The paper takes the point of departure from one of Gramsci’s key
conceptual categories and analytical apparatus, e.g. “hegemony,” to explore the extent
that the upsurge of the emerging powers has reshaped the terrain and parameters of
social, economic and political relations both at the national and global levels, and has
exerted pressure on the existing international order in terms of both opportunities and
constraints. The paper intends to examine the dialectical nexus between the role of the
emerging powers as a counter-hegemonic, socio-economic and socio-political force
for a new world order. The paper’s analytical approach is to combine neo-Gramscian
hegemony theories with critical post-hegemony theories. The conclusion of the
paper is to suggest that in an era of globalization and transformational capitalism it is
impossible for the emerging powers to establish an alternative independent hegemony;
rather, the world will witness a new era of “interdependent hegemony,” in which
both the “First World” and the “Second World” are intertwined in a constant process
of shaping and reshaping the world order in the nexus of national interest, regional
orientation, common economic and political agendas, security alliance and potential
confl icts.
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