澜湄合作中的非传统安全治理:从碎片化到平台化

澜湄地区的安全问题以非传统安全为主,涉及跨境犯罪、社会公共卫生、水与环境安全、信息网络犯罪等广泛议题,呈现出明显的复合性与联动性的结构特征,深刻地影响着该地区的政治、经济和社会安全。自2016年澜沧江—湄公河合作机制正式成立以来,国内外学术界对澜湄合作给予广泛关注和多视角研究,但对于该机制框架下的非传统安全研究还相对缺乏。长期以来,澜湄地区的非传统安全治理属于“碎片化”治理模式,机制拥堵,治理政策、资金、技术、人力和物力的投入分散,且缺乏持续性,导致安全问题无法从根本上解决。澜湄合作机制成立后,从合作治理内容、结构、参与主体等方面,推动了非传统安全治理逐步向“平台化”模式演进和发展,从根本上促进了澜湄地区国家之间的务实合作与非传统安全问题的解决。《澜湄合作五年行动计划(2018~2022)》已将非传统安全合作列为重点合作内容,未来澜湄合作需要在治理范式创新、多层平台搭建、早期项目设计和收获等方面完善非传统安全治理机制,持续推动澜湄合作拓展和深化。

On the Non-traditional Security Governance in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Mechanism

The security situation in the Lancang-Mekong region is mainly influenced by the non-traditional issues like cross-border crimes, public health, water and environmental security as well as information network crimes. Interacting with one another, these complex security issues are exerting profound impacts on the political, economic and social security of the region. Since the establishment of the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Mechanism (LMC) in 2016, academic circles both at home and abroad have given extensive attention to and carried out multi-perspective studies on LMC. Nevertheless, collaborative researches on non-traditional security issues are far from adequate under the framework of LMC. Over the years, the region has witnessed a fragmented arrangement for non-traditional security governance marked by overlapped mechanisms as well as scattered and unsustainable investments in governance policies, capital, technology, and human and material resources. As a result, security issues could not be addressed properly. The establishment of LMC has provided an effective platform for the governance of non-traditional security issues with regards to governance contents, structures and participants, which has contributed much to the pragmatic cooperation among LMC countries and the resolution to some non-traditional security issues. The Five-year Plan of Action on Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (2018-2022) has put on the top of the agenda non-traditional security cooperation. In the future, LMC will expand and deepen the cooperation among relevant countries by improving mechanisms for non-traditional security governance through paradigm innovation, multi-platform building as well as the designs and implementations of early-stage projects.