生物欠防备对国家安全的危害

科学技术的发展一直在对国家安全的内涵产生影响，技术能力的发展会增加威胁国家安全的手段和模式，科学技术的滥用也会危及社会安全。生物技术在近半个多世纪以来发展极为迅猛，其影响面极广，涉及微生物、动植物、生态环境、医学、农业、粮食、生化战争、生物恐怖主义、人的健康、人口安全等方面，其覆盖领域的广度和深度是其他任何技术都无法比拟的。生物欠防备是指在现实生物安全威胁面前准备不充分和应对不够有效的状况。中国既处于生物欠防备状态，也处于一定程度的生物欠防卫状态，这表现在中国的药物（含疫苗）、水、粮食、种子均处于不设防开放的状态。造成这种状态的根本原因是认识问题，生物技术本身具有前沿性、复杂性，其管理具有跨军民界限、跨学科界限、跨政府部门界限、跨政府任期界限、跨国界的特点，中国现有管理模式不适应这些特点。今后，应密切关注和防范生物技术研发与应用过程中特有的安全风险以及生物技术被有意识用于安全威胁的现实可能性和严重危害性。

The Disastrous Consequences of Bio-unpreparedness on National Security

The development of science and technology expands the concept and contents of national security. Technological progress also enriches the means of threats to national interests; furthermore, the abuse of science and technology can also do harm to society. The past half a century witnessed a dramatic progress in biological technology, which had profound influence on microorganisms, animals and plants, ecological environment, medicine, agriculture, food safety, chemical and biological warfare, biological terrorism, human health and population security. No other technology covers such a wide range of realms as biotechnology does. Bio-unpreparedness refers to the status of a country which is not sufficiently aware of, poorly equipped or prepared against biological threats. China is in a state of bio-unpreparedness and of bio-defenseless, and China has adopted excessive opening-up policies of drugs, vaccines, water supply, food and seeds due to inadequate perception of biotechnology. Given the multidisciplinary and civilian-military nature of biotechnology, it requires an approach that is cross governmental departments, cross terms of governmental administrations, and being multinational in scope. Therefore, China should be fully aware of and prepared for the challenges in the development and application of biotechnology, and be alert of the possibility that this technology might be used on purpose to jeopardize national security.