西方发达国家残疾人社会保障的成功经验对我国的启示

目前我国残疾人社会保障存在许多问题,不仅理念上只强调家庭的自我保障而忽视残疾人社会化的广泛参与,责任主体上单一而缺乏有效的互动性,而且政策上没有专项的社会救助和相关的法律保障。这些问题使得残疾人的特殊需求得不到很好地满足,残疾人的社会保障存在较大的随意性。西方发达国家残疾人社会保障成就卓著,不仅理念上由"人道主义"转变到"人本主义",责任主体由"一元"发展到"多元",而且建立了比较完善的专项保障制度和专门法律条例。因此,西方发达国家残疾人社会保障的成功经验对于我国残疾人社会保障事业的发展具有非常重要的启示和借鉴意义。

The Enlightenment of Experiences of Social Security for the Disabled in Western Developed Countries to China

Currently the social security for the disabled in China has many problems: it just emphasizes on the self-security of family theoretically but ignores the disabled people’s wide socialized participation;its subject of responsibility is single and lacks effective interaction.In addition,as for its policy,it has no special social assistances and correlative legal security.Thus,the special needs of the disabled can not be met well and the social security for the disabled has more arbitrariness.In contrast,the social security for the disabled in western developed countries has made remarkable achievements.It has changed from "humanitarianism" to "humanism" in concept,from "single subject of responsibility" to "diversified subjects of responsibility" and has established a relatively perfect special security system and special legal regulation.Therefore,the experiences of western developed countries have offered very important enlightenment and references for the development of social security for the disabled in China.