德法和解历史对中日建立战略互惠关系的借鉴与思考

中国和日本是东亚地区两个重要国家,处理好中日关系符合两国人民的共同利益,对于东亚地区的和平与繁荣具有十分重要的意义。在中日建立战略互惠关系初显曙光的时候,通过比较研究汲取德法和解的经验,将使我们获得有益的启迪。人们期待中日关系能借鉴法德在欧洲和解的智慧、创造出东亚地区中日和平与合作的奇迹。在战后以来六十多年的时间里,中日和平友好与法德和解在亚欧不同地缘政治环境中也出现了明显的发展差异。法德关系经历并超越了相互憎恨的历史,走向了真正和解。法德和解奠定了欧洲合作的基石,两者伙伴关系的进一步深化则开创了从欧共体到欧盟的欧洲合作新局面。与德法和解带动欧洲国家整合的硕果相比,中日和平友好表现出了明显的滞后性和局限性。中日关系超越"战争历史"问题、国家地位身份认同问题、共同战略利益基础和政治互信问题等方面也都落后于法德和解的发展,法德和解取得了创建欧盟的硕果,中日则刚刚取得建立战略互惠关系的共识。中日矛盾的深层症结就在于没有战略合作的共识和目标,从而导致双方缺乏政治互信和在战略上相互猜疑。法德和解的经验告诉我们,推动中日战略互惠关系的发展必须构建中日战略合作的共识,在中日关系中制定并推行"和平、合作与共赢"的外交政策新理念。中日走出历史问题争论和民间对立情绪困境的出路在于中日政治家们是否有智慧搭建两国战略合作和战略互惠的目标与框架。中日需要开展面向未来的共同事业,推动地区共同体形成的过程中实现并深化两国关系的和解与合作。

The Reference of Germany-France Reconciliation History to the Establishment of Strategic and Mutually Beneficial Relationship between China and Japan

Both China and Japan are important countries in East Asia.Handling the relation between the two nations properly is not only mutual beneficial,but also vital for keeping peace and prosperity in East Asia.In the first light brought forth by the strategic mutual benefits between China and Japan,we will be positively enlightened by comparing and absorbing the Germany-France reconciliation experience.Referring to the wisdom of Europe reconciliation,we are all looking forward to see that a miracle of cooperation and harmony can be created in East Asia by China and Japan.In the past 60 years after World War II,an evident difference has shown between Sino-Japan peaceful friendship and Germany-France reconciliation in their different geographical politics of Asia and Europe.Germany-France relationship underwent and surpassed mutual historical hatred,and moved towards real reconciliation,which established the cornerstone for the European cooperation.With the partnership between Germany and France,new situation of European collaboration(from EEC to EU) was created.Compared with the brilliant success of united European countries,peaceful friendship between China and Japan appears evidently retard and limited.Many problems perplex China and Japan,such as:How to surpass " history of war" ? How to identify the national status and position in the world? What is the basis for mutual benefits and political trust? Settlement of these problems lags far behind the development of Germany-France reconciliation.Germany and France had showed its brilliant success in the creation of EU,whereas,China and Japan has just accomplished some kind of consensus on establishing the relationship of strategic mutual benefit.The core of Sino-Japan contradiction lies in their lack of consensus and common aims in strategic cooperation,which results in their short of political trust and the strategic distrust of each other.The experience of Germany-France reconciliation tells us that the consensus on strategic cooperation must be established in order to promote the development of Sino-Japan relation on strategic mutual benefits,making and carrying out new idea of foreign policy on " peace,cooperation and mutual gains".The outlet for China and Japan to step out of disputes on historical questions and emotional dilemma of civil hostility is decided by statesmen of China and Japan,i.e.whether they have wisdom and intention to construct bilateral aims or frames on mutual strategic benefits and cooperation.It is necessary for China and Japan to face their future common careers,and to propel the reconciliation by establishing regional community.