加快制度创新完善东北老工业基地的要素市场

振兴东北老工业基地,是党中央、国务院继建设沿海经济特区、开发浦东新区和实施西部大开发战略之后又一重大战略举措。目前,东北经济的所有制结构仍以国有经济为主。国有经济在产品、价格等方面已进入了市场,但在深层的产权、资本、技术、人力等生产要素上,却未能与时俱进。东北地区的要素市场化程度低,特别是劳动力市场发育程度处于全国最低水平,这种状况已严重制约着东北的发展。因此,制度创新在降低东北要素市场交易费用中具有重要作用,只有强制性的制度供给才能改变东北地区制度供给不足的局面,才能真正提高东北劳动力市场、土地市场、资本市场、技术市场的市场化程度,实现东北老工业基地的振兴。

Accelerating Institution Innovation Is the Fundamental Way of Revitalizing the Factor Market of the Old Industrial Base of the Northeast

In 2003, the Chinese central government announced a new regional strategy to regenerate the traditional industrial base of Northeast China, which is considered another important step, after the Western development program, to achieve coordinated regional development in China. At present, the region is noted for the dominance of state-owned enterprises (SOES) in economy. However, the factor market, namely, the labor market, the technology market and the capital market in northeast China develop very slowly, especially the labor market, which is at very low level. The paper demonstrate that the major reasons are the former planned economy framework and system barriers. The key to the revival of the old industrial base in northeast China is institution innovation.