印度尼西亚对于中国崛起的认知

本文主要基于半结构化访谈的方法,对共计81名印尼外交官和学者的访谈内容进行分析。这两类人员代表着塑造印尼外交政策的官僚群体和非官僚行为者。本研究对受访者关于中国及其对外政策的认知进行实证研究。首先是分析受访者对于中国的总体印象,然后进一步研究他们对于中国外交政策行为的看法。可以说,从最初的认知分析出发,几乎所有受访者大体上都认为,中国是一个拥有巨大能力的国家。研究还发现,对中国持有较正面看法的人数,远远超过持负面看法的人,后者将中国看作是印尼当前的或潜在的威胁。就中国外交政策行为而言,绝大多数受访人认为,中国有着实现目标的决心、务实、拥有协调良好的官僚机构。他们认为,其他国家,包括印尼,在执行对外政策时也应该具备这些特征。本项初步研究所呈现的各种观点表明,至少在作为取样的受访人当中,关于中国形象的认知远非一致。不过,他们的中国认知也不能保证他们认为崛起的中国就是印尼应当依赖的唯一的信得过的合作伙伴。就此而言,雅加达和北京在外交和经济领域开展更多的互利互惠往来,将会为进一步改善印尼与中国的关系铺平道路。

Indonesians’Perceptions of the Rising China:A Preliminary Investigation

The study is based mainly on the analysis of semi-structured interviews with a total of 81 Indonesian diplomats and scholars.These two groups of individuals represent the bureaucratic and non-bureaucratic actors that shape Indonesian foreign policy.This study has investigated empirically the respondents’perceptions of China and its foreign policy.It begins with looking at the respondents’general images of China,before further exploring their views on the country’s foreign policy behavior.From the initial perceptual exploration,it can be said that fundamentally,for almost all respondents,China was a country with massive capability.It was also found that those who viewed China in a more positive light outnumbered those who saw the country negatively,presenting China as either a potential or immediate threat to Indonesia.It should be noted,nevertheless,their perceptions of China did not also guarantee them to see the rising power as the only trusted cooperation partner on which Indonesia should rely.In this context,more mutually beneficial exchanges between Jakarta and Beijing in diplomatic and economic domains would only pave the way for further improvement of Indonesia-China relations.