试论近代朝鲜人移居中国东北的原因——兼与华人移民东南亚之比较

19世纪60年代到20世纪40年代,大批朝鲜人移居中国东北。表面上看,政治强制曾是导致朝鲜人移居中国东北的突出原因,但总体来看,朝鲜和中国东北分别具有的推力和拉力因素,亦即经济因素所造成的生存压力和需求,在朝鲜人大量移居中国东北的过程中起着主导性的作用。此外,铁路的铺设亦恰逢其时地便利了朝鲜人向中国东北地区的流入与散布。本文还尝试将朝鲜人移民中国东北的原因同近代中国人移民东南亚的现象做一简单的比较,进而折射其移民模式的特征。

An Analysis of Reasons of Korean Immigrants to Northeast China during Modern Era:In Comparison with Chinese Migrants to Southeast Asia

Large numbers of Korean immigrants began to settle in Northeast China from 1860s to 1940s.Seemingly,political turmoil was the prominent cause of the migration phenomenon.However,this paper focuses respectively on the push-and-pull factors in Korea and China,aiming to analyze from a comprehensive perspective the driving forces behind the Korean migration.Economic factor which derived from the pressure and demand for survival was the major reason of the massive migration.Besides,the timely construction of railway network accelerated the influx and dissemination of Korean immigrants within northeast region of China.The causations of the Korean migration to Northeast China are discussed in comparison with the Chinese diaspora moving to Southeast Asia during the modern era,in an initial attempt to reflect the characteristics of migration patterns.