城市化抑或华人化——曼德勒华人移民、经济发展与族群关系之研究

曼德勒为缅甸第二大城市，也是上下缅甸交汇之处，人口、物资、信息的频繁流动与多元的族群文化共同构成了曼德勒复杂多样的城市风景。随着缅甸的社会发展与城市化进程，曼德勒的人口构成、社会阶层与城市空间也随之发生转变。华人移民的迁入与增长，引起了曼德勒城市华人化的论争。事实上，曼德勒城市景观的变化，并非华人单一促就，而是现代化、城市化等内外动因共同作用下的社会后果，因此，需综合曼德勒华人移民、经济行为与族群互动，以及三者与城市发展之间的关系来理解曼德勒的城市化，以避免族群民族主义所带来的成见。

Urbanization or Sinicization:A Study of Chinese Migration, Economic Development and Ethnic Interaction in Mandalay

Mandalay is the second largest cities in Burma, and is also a meeting place of upper and lower Burma. The fluid flows of people, goods, capital, and ideas as well as multiple ethnic cultures constitute the complex and diverse land- scape in Mandalay. Along with social development and urbanization in Burma, the demography, social hierarchy and urban space in Mandalay are transformed. It also causes sort of debate on ＂sinicization＂ due to the increasing number of Chinese in Mandalay. In fact, the change of city landscape in Mandalay should be regarded as a consequence of modernization and urbanization, but not a simplified result caused by Chinese activities. Therefore, in order to avoid stereotype from ethnic nationalism, the urbanization of Mandalay should be understood by combining Chinese migrants, economic activities and ethnic interaction and their relations with development of city.