Designing a fiscal federal mechanism for the transition period: the case of the Russian federation

In countries undergoing economic transition, economic factors have caused discord between central and regional authorities. This paper explores the causes and consequences of fiscal conflicts between the federal and regional governments and discusses what elements in an optimal fiscal management would best preserve federal integrity. It provides a plausible game-theoretic representation of the power struggle between the center and regional governments in the Russian Federation. This representation describes the rules and political environment that served as a background for the budgetary wars of 1992 to 1994, the objectives of both the regional and federal players, and a history of game play during the transitional period.     

论青少年法制教育体系的构建

尽管青少年犯罪问题并非单纯是一个教育问题,但是教育,尤其是法制教育的成败无疑与青少年犯罪之间有着密切的关系。当前我国青少年法制教育状况堪忧,应当加快建立、健全青少年法制教育体系。     

当前中东形势的特点及发展趋势

李国富(中国国际问题研究所中东研究中心主任、研究员):近一两年来,中东局势发展持续动荡,诡谲多变.伊拉克已取代巴以成为地区局势动荡的策源地;围绕着伊朗核问题的紧张局势正越来越成为地区更大危机的爆破点;人们虽对巴以不间断的暴力冲突已习以为常,但这并没有削弱它对中东其他问题的影响力.     

以色列教育发展面面观

以色列位于地中海东岸,人口约为650万(2002年统计).从自然条件上看,全国近一半的地区是半沙漠和沙漠,水资源十分紧缺.     

Assessing asymmetrical federal design in the Russian federation: A case study of language policy in tatarstan

This article seeks to further the understanding of language policy in Tatarstan by examining the development of language legislation and policies in the republic in the post-Soviet period and by placing the issue of language policy within a federal – republican context. The article finds that asymmetrical federalism is an appropriate and workable response to Tatarstan's demands for policy capacity over issues pertaining to language. It is Russia's federal design itself, and not processes of ad hoc constitutional bargaining, which creates governance capacity in this policy area and provides Tatarstan with the de jure power to implement measures to protect the Tatar language.     

欧洲一体化经验对东亚区域合作的启示

2010年10月10日,第二次中日韩领导人会议在北京举行。三方提出要“共同努力,继往开来,不断深化面向未来、全面合作的伙伴关系。”日本首相鸠山由纪夫重提了“东亚共同体”的设想,并得到了中韩两国的积极响应。目前,东亚区域一体化逐渐显示出强劲势头。     

Budgetary politics in the Russian federation:(1) the case: of sakha (yakutia)

This article traces the evolution of center-periphery relations between the Russian federal government and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) using an institutional framework. During each of three stages the author identifies a distinct set of institutional parameters that, to varying degrees, determined the powers of federal and regional institutions. Each stage is also identified with a unique central institutional conflict that helped shape the rules of the political games played during that period. From this perspective, institutional change is seen as a major determinant of Russian center-periphery relations. The article concludes that Sakha has had remarkable success in extracting budgetary concessions from the federal government. However, Sakha has been unable to force the federal government to implement all the promises it has made.

Nonetheless, the concessions that Sakha and others have received are significant, and prompt the conclusion that Russia has become a federal state. However, Russia is far from an equal federation.     

触摸非洲雕刻的脉搏

当飞机快到苏丹的首都喀土穆时,从空中望下去视野之内极少绿色.这里的大地、楼房的颜色都像还没有出炉的砖似的颜色,土色中夹杂着红色与黑色.整座城市除沿尼罗河两岸是绿色以外,几乎满是黄沙,因这是撒哈拉沙漠边缘的缘故.一踏上非洲这片土地,一股干而热的风就迎面扑来,仿佛进入了一个大浴池一般.刚到的几天还有些新鲜感,但日子久了就感到十分地平淡,觉得在这里已经没有什么事值得我惊奇得大呼小叫的.日子就这么一天天平淡地过去,直到有一天……     

The rise of radical African studies

African Social Studies: A Radical Reader. Edited by Peter C. W. Gutkind and Peter Waterman. Heinemann Educational Books, 1977. Pp. ix + 481. Paper £2–90.

The Political Economy of Contemporary Africa. Edited by Peter C. W. Gutkind and lmmanuel Wallerstein. Sage Publications, 1976. Pp. 318.

Nigeria: Economy and Society. Edited by Gavin Williams. Rex Collings, 1976. Pp. 226. Hardcover £5.25.     

东亚经济一体化当以合力谋共赢

当前,尽管世界局势局部动荡,但总体保持缓和,和平与发展依然是时代主题.经济全球化、世界多极化、国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化的世界大潮汹涌澎湃.东亚区域合作也顺应潮流而不断发生发展.但复杂的非经济因素仍然比较严重地阻碍着东亚区域合作进程.     

埃及有个「东方好莱坞」

埃及的新闻制作城蜚声海外,有"东方好莱坞"之称.由于它就位于开罗大学所在的吉萨省,名气和近在咫尺这两个诱人条件,促使我将它列入我必去参观的埃及现代化建设项目中.一天,在热心的中国文化中心朋友的帮助下,我参观了这座闻名遐迩的新闻制作城.