浅议诱惑侦查

诱惑侦查是一种特殊的侦查方式,在世界范围内已得到许多国家的立法认可.我国在立法上没有对其作出规定,但在实际侦查中已有应用.尽管学界对诱惑侦查的合法性存在较大争议,但是基于冲破侦查"瓶颈"的需要,再加之诱惑侦查的实施具有法律容许性,如能够对诱惑侦查在法律上予以规制,那么,诱惑侦查必将对收集犯罪证据、控制犯罪起到关键性作用.     

隐匿身份侦查研究

隐匿身份侦查作为一种特殊的侦查措施被世界各国司法机关广泛运用,实践中收到了普通的侦查手段无法达到的效果。隐匿身份侦查在不同的国家有着不同层次的法律定位,但在理论和实践层面都面临不同程度的质疑。我国2012年新修订的《刑事诉讼法》(以下简称"新刑诉法")增加了"技术侦查"这一节,将隐匿身份侦查措施纳入到法治的轨道,侦查行为得到进一步规范。但是由于法律规定过于简单抽象,实践中容易出现偏差。为更好地服务侦查工作实际,需要在明确概念以及辨析其与技术侦查、控制下交付异同的基础上,对刑事诉讼中隐匿身份侦查若干问题加以解析。     

侦查措施概念新论

从字面的通常含义出发对侦查措施进行界定,能为侦查措施学理概念的建构奠定语义基础。这有利于消除分歧,建立共同的沟通讨论平台。侦查措施是国家法定机关在办理刑事案件的过程中,为了收集证据和查获犯罪嫌疑人,针对其中出现的各种情况而采取的相应处理办法。侦查措施是侦查方法的一个子系统。侦查措施与侦查手段二者理性意义趋同,但二者可以从感情色彩上来区分。侦查措施与侦查策略在方法论的侦查观下指向同一思维对象,解决的问题一致,"侦查策略"概念没有存在的必要性。"侦查措施"与"侦查行为"两个概念在外延上有很大重合,但承担不同的理论功能。     

公正和效率的两难选择——评刑事诉讼法有关侦查程序的修改

我国侦查活动中公正和效率价值的双重缺失一直受到诟病。“宽严相济”刑事司法政策的确立以及司法体制和工作机制改革决策助推了刑事诉讼法再修改。立足于公正和效率价值的平衡,本次刑事诉讼法修改对有关侦查活动的证据制度、强制措施、辩护程序、讯问程序、侦查措施、侦查行为的监督等进行了完善。但基于我国国情,在人权保障、诉讼构造、侦查构造、侦查程序的科学性、侦查程序自治、侦查程序借鉴等方面．理想与现实之间仍存在一定差距。     

中意刑事侦查程序比较研究

刑事侦查以发现犯罪嫌疑人和犯罪事实为中心任务,为了完成任务,不同的国家在侦查程序的设置上存在差异,这些差异背后往往体现的是这个国家在刑事诉讼中追求价值理念的不同。从侦查主体、侦查阶段、侦查终结以及侦查对人权保障几个方面系统地将中国与意大利的刑事侦查程序进行比较研究,借鉴意大利刑事侦查程序更为进步的规定,对我国刑事诉讼的改革具有推动作用。     

论我国诱惑侦查制度的法治化

作为主动型侦查手段的一种特殊形式,诱惑侦查在打击犯罪,维护社会秩序方面具有较高的效能,然而我国侦查机关在运用这一手段时却存在着诸多混乱的情况。这种局面与我国试图实现“依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家”的宏伟目标是相悖的。在侦查程序日益强调人权保障的今天,对我国诱惑侦查制度进行法律规制无疑是一项重要的课题。     

何家弘／职务犯罪侦查也要实现“四化”

中国社会正在不断提升法治与文明的水平，因此，职务犯罪侦查工作也必须与时俱进，也要实现“四化”，即职务犯罪侦查的法治化、文明化、科学化、规范化。在现代法治国家中，维护国家法治的活动也要遵守法律规范，司法和执法活动也不可随意滥行。以违法治违法、以侵权治侵权的行为，是对法治的双重破坏。因此，职务犯罪侦查活动必须严格遵守法律规定，必须走向法治化。     

秘密侦查法制化之比较研究

通过历史的比较,可以发现秘密侦查发展规律:一方面展现出秘密侦查技术的不断进步,另一方面又体现了秘密侦查手段不断受法律规制而愈加有序的趋势。通过对西方国家的秘密侦查法制比较研究,可分析总结秘密侦查法制化的先进成果,其对我国当前秘密侦查法律规制有着重要的借鉴意义。     

“改革于法有据”的争论及其破解——基于良性违宪的思考

十八届四中全会提出重大改革必须于法有据,直指当前转型时期中国面临的改革与法治之间一定程度的紧张关系。上世纪末我国学界提出的关于法与改革关系的争论一直持续到今天,在争论中出现了诸如宪法变迁、地方变通、法律解释、法律修改等诸多理论,但这些理论忽略了我国改革发展初期的特殊性,即改革与法治起步较晚且同时进行且起步较低从而导致改革以"实践"为导向而非法治。破解"改革于法有据"的难题,要实现推进改革与遵守宪法法律的有机结合,运用好授权改革方式;立足社会变革实际,正确把握宪法变迁、宪法修改与宪法的稳定性、权威性之间的关系;充分发挥法律解释与法律修改的建设性作用。     

略论几种常用的侦查谋略

由于犯罪案件数额较大、犯罪案件错综复杂与有限的侦查资源之间存在紧张关系,侦查人员在法律允许的限度内适当运用侦查谋略实属必要。在侦查对抗中,侦查主体须针对不同案件、情势,灵活选用各种具体的侦查谋略,常用的侦查谋略包括攻心夺志型侦查谋略、诱导型侦查谋略、分化离间型侦查谋略、迂回型侦查谋略等。侦查人员欲在侦查实践中正确、有效地施谋,须先从概念、原理、运用情势和要领等方面,对这些谋略作一定把握。     

抗战文艺运动述略

抗日战争爆发后党所领导的文艺运动呈现出新的时代特点.围绕"抗战"主题,与民族解放运动同步发展,运用文艺形式进行抗日救亡宣传成为抗战文艺运动的中心内容.探讨抗战文艺运动,得出的结论是:文艺不能脱离现实,文艺必须宏扬时代的主旋律、文艺不能没有党的领导.     

To revise or not to revise: the ‘peace constitution’, pro-revision movement,and Japan's national identity

Why do conservative nationalists in Japan continuously seek to revise the constitution despite the past failures, and what is the likelihood of successful revision and its impact on Japan's norm of pacifism and its use of force? The article offers an analytical framework for the issue based on national pride and national security, and argues that the ‘revisionists’ seek to create a new national identity, one that infuses a greater sense of national pride among the public and enables the exercise of collective self-defense, thereby removing Japan's postwar psychological and institutional limitations on nationalism and military activities. The LDP's 2012 draft is most explicit and ambitious in this regard, with the current revision attempt under Abe having the highest chance of success since the 1950s. Successful revision would significantly expand Japan's security activities, particularly within the framework of the US–Japan Security Alliance, and entail the end of Japan's unique postwar institutionalized pacifism, although the norm of pacifism will linger on as a constitutional principle. For a smoother return to the international military scene, the Japanese government must distance itself from historical revisionism and utilize its enhanced military role to promote regional public goods rather than merely protecting its narrow national interests.     

Constitutional Amendment and Revision Revisited

State constitutional amendment and revision procedures differsubstantially from formal procedures for amending the US Constitution.Popular participation and frequent change in state constitutionscontribute to significant differences between state and nationalconstitutional politics. State constitutions are widely perceivedto be "political’ documents, whose amendment is not muchdifferent from ordinary legislative and electoral politics.The U.S. Constitution is regarded as relatively permanent and"above politics." Neither perception is wholly accurate. Differencesbetween state and national procedures and politics are at issuein the recent revival of state constitutions as sources of civilrights and liberties. An analysis of constitutional amendmentssuggests that use of the ballot proposition, which is uniqueto the states, tends to restrict civil rights somewhat in criminaljustice while somewhat expanding support for new rights in otherareas, including those not fully protected by the national government.     

对刑事诉讼法再修改的几点建议

刑事诉讼法的修改已被提到本届人大立法日程上来,其修改论证也正在如火如荼地进行之中。但人们的目光多聚焦在原则、框架、理念上,鲜有对具体的操作程序进行详细考察论证的。而作为操作规程的诉讼法,其每一个细微之处的设计都是不能忽略的,如刑事诉讼法中的职能与职权划分的界线及特赦的问题,已死亡被刑事追诉者的非法财产追究问题,强制措施中的某些具体操作环节问题,羁押期限延长的合理性问题,二审中发回重审裁定中的问题等,否则修改后的法律仍然脱离不了“弹性规则”的窠臼。     

Social Construction of National Reality: Tibet and Taiwan

This paper uses the theory of social construction of reality deriving from the writings of Max Weber, Alfred Schutz, Thomas Luckmann and Peter Berger to explain the origin of national identity and hence the emergence of a nation. It argues that social construction of national reality originates from everyday life experience taken for granted during the process of socialization. Individuals make sense out of the external world. Experiences taken for granted become actor’s stock of knowledge. A common scheme of knowledge shared by the community serves to differentiate in-group (nationals) and out-group (foreigners). Collective consciousness thus defines national identity and hence a nation. Unless people (both in-group and out-group) interact with and learn from each other, different stocks of knowledge taken for granted will create political tension. This theory will be applied to understand the tensions in Tibet and along the Taiwan Strait. The paper further argues that Taiwan can hardly separate from mainland China in the future, while strong Tibetan consciousness continues to defy against powerful Chineseness, resulting in endless upheavals in the region.     

Reinventing Government: The Case of National Service

When Bill Clinton embraced national service as one of his administration's priorities, he took a step forward on two of his key initiatives. Not only was national service a new initiative in its own right, but Clinton also held it up as a model of his efforts to reinvent government. It would be an exemplar of government that is catalytic, competitive, decentralized, and results oriented. This case study examines the theory and reality of reinvention. The Corporation for National Service and its programs have come under fire for being more political than catalytic, being simultaneously too centralized and too decentralized, and pursuing too many unclear goals. This article seeks to identify discontinuities between the rhetoric and the reality of reinvention in this instance and draw lessons for public-sector reform.     

The European Court of Justice as a Federator

The European Court of Justice is often seen as the motor ofEuropean legal integration because it "constitutionalized "the treaties establishing the European Communities (EC) throughits jurisprudence. In reality though, the Court's role has ratherbeen that of a promotor or provocateur because the member statesand the national courts have been, by and large, cooperativepartners in this process, and many of the political consequencesof the Court's rulings have been hidden in its legal language.The Court will likely be careful in the future about continuingits judicial activism with the same vigor. Since the Treatyon European Union, many politically divisive issues are potentiallyopen to the Court's interpretation. In addition, the cooperativeattitude, by member states and the national courts, is no longerguaranteed.     

The French Constitutional Council: A Study in Institutional Change

Embodying a revolution in French constitutional law. in principle, the Constitutional Council initially seemed destined for a marginal role. However, a 1971 decision constitutionalizing the Preamble to the constitution and the 1974 revision extending access to 60 parliamentarians transformed its prospects. Initially devised to keep Parliament in its place, it is now a force to be reckoned with at every stage in the policy process but its constraints are felt mainly by the executive. Its jurisprudence displays a blend of audacity and prudence. combining ambitious developments in respect of human rights and national independence with cautious awareness of its vulnerability as a recent creation arbitrating controversial issues within a system traditionally antipathetic to 'government by the judges'.     

理工科大学生人文素质教育的思考与探究

大学生人文素质的高低不仅关系到其自身的发展,也关系着国家民族的未来。尝试对一所理工科院校的学生进行了人文素质调查,共发放问卷2000份,回收有效问卷1 602份,调查数据具有真实、可靠性。通过问卷调查,发现该校学生存在忽视人文课程,未能积极参加社会实践等现象,最后从可行性的角度提出人文课程合理化、社会实践具体化等相关的建议。