Psycho-social Analysis of Black Teenage Pregnancies: Implications for Public and Cultural Policies

This paper identifies three challenges to understanding and remedying problems in black teenage pregnancy: cultural, developmental, and normative.     

政治决策的成本和风险分析

政治决策冲突是萨托利冲突理论的重要组成部分。对这个问题的研究填补了冲突政治学理论体系的空白,开辟了一个崭新的研究视角。萨托利认为研究政治决策冲突问题必然要涉及外部政治风险、决策成本、决策体制、多数原则、选择强度、政治透明度等问题,而这些因素同时也都是政治冲突理论的基本问题,搞清楚这些冲突与这些因素之间的互动关系,对于深化对政治冲突理论的理解具有重要价值。不仅对萨托利的相关研究成果进行了全面总结,更主要的是通过对这一理论的深入和系统的分析使其更趋完善,使其明确化、理论化、体系化。     

Sex Trafficking and the State: Applying Domestic Abuse Interventions to Serve Victims of Sex Trafficking

Advocacy and scholarship addressing sex trafficking as a human rights issue has become a transnational effort, but there has been less attention to sub-national efficacy. Through analyzing progressive justice system responses to domestic violence in Duluth, Minnesota that have been adopted worldwide, this paper demonstrates how to effectively apply these local advances in order to address sex trafficking on a global scale. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to understanding the intersections between domestic abuse and sex trafficking. A key empirical finding is that a coordinated community response (including the justice system and women’s organizations) is crucial for advancing domestic abuse training, monitoring, and legislation—and this coordination can also be productively utilized for improving responsiveness to victims of sex trafficking across a diverse range of socio-legal and economic contexts.     

大数据优化政府决策的机理、风险及规避

大数据对政府决策的优化有明显的过程导向,即在经验干预下,通过对数据的收集、整理、挖掘与利用形成数字化平台,利用数字化平台的丰富信息优化和纠偏决策方案,同时对决策过程进行监督,进而推动决策问题构建的民主化、决策方案制订的科学化、决策方案执行的有效性与决策效果评估的规范化。但是,受数据结构异质性、数据价值稀疏性、数据内容隐私性和数据管理人为性的影响,大数据在给政府决策带来福利的同时,也带来一定安全、道德和技术风险。为规避这些风险,明确数据使用规则、设立数据使用标准、强化数据使用监管、打破数据使用垄断和追究数据滥用责任等就显得尤为必要。     

基于实效性的高校廉洁教育的方法与途径

廉洁教育实效性强调取得实际的效益和效果,凸显廉洁教育的务实性、实在性和有效性。实效性是廉洁教育的本质所决定,是实现高校廉洁教育目的的关键,同样也构成廉洁教育方法途径创新探索的核心。基于实效性的方法途径创新,表现为诸多方法途径整合为有机统一的整体,共同作用于廉洁教育。因此,必须以重视实践、制度建设与校园文化建设为基本原则,理顺和正确处理高校内外的各种现实关系,真正实现廉洁教育之实效。     

Sex Trafficking: Trends,Challenges, and the Limitations of International Law

The passage of the UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children in 2000 marked the first global effort to address human trafficking in 50 years. Since the passage of the UN Protocol international organizations, non-governmental organizations, and individual states have devoted significant resources to eliminating human trafficking. This article critically examines the impact of these efforts with reference to the trends, political, and empirical challenges in data collection and the limitations of international law. I argue that current international law disproportionately addresses the criminal prosecution of traffickers at the expense of trafficking victims’ human rights, and has therefore not yet reached its full potential in the fight against human sex trafficking.     

提升政府治理算法决策公平性的机制与路径

随着人工智能与政府治理融合的不断加深,政府决策开始走向智能化和算法化。从具体实践来看,政府治理算法决策面临公平性困境——程序公平受到冲击和结果公平有所偏差,这主要源于使用者或提供者自身价值观偏误、基础数据的客观性和准确性有限以及算法程序自我迭代优化的技术逻辑影响等。为此,需要聚焦于价值、制度和组织等三个层面,搭建政府治理算法决策公平性的实现机制。同时,必须坚持“软硬并进”路径,一方面以正确的价值导向引领算法在政府治理领域的开发和布局,使算法的决策输出不偏离公平正义的价值轨道;另一方面,不断完善政府治理算法决策的制度环境,打造适配政府治理算法决策的组织系统。     

On Formal Theory and Statistical Methods: A Response to Carrubba, Yuen, and Zorn

e-mail: sign{at}mail.rochester.edu The recent article by Carrubba, Yuen, and Zorn (2007) (CYZ)attempts to relate the strategic random utility models in Signorino(1999, 2002, 2003) and in Signorino and Yilmaz (2003) to existinggame theory practice and to existing statistical techniques.It contributes to this literature by reminding us that comparativestatics analysis can be applied to the equilibria of these models.There are a number of claims in CYZ, however, that require clarification.In particular, the article's primary claim is that comparativestatics analysis, in combination with one of three proposedstatistical estimators, provides a simpler alternative to methodspreviously advocated. This claim (or combination of claims)is incorrect. When one examines the procedure CYZ recommends,it is no simpler for substantive researchers than anything previouslyrecommended. Moreover, none of the proposed estimators are new:they are exactly the same methods introduced in Signorino (1999,2003), in Signorino and Yilmaz (2003), in Signorino, Walker,and Bas (2002), and in Bas, Signorino, and Walker (2007).     

Eye of the Beholder: Partisanship,Identity, and the Politics of Sexual Harassment

Political Behavior - Two current members of the U.S. Supreme Court took their seats despite allegations of sexual harassment (Clarence Thomas) and sexual assault (Brett Kavanaugh) leveled against...     

重大的战略决策科学的惩防体系--学习《建立健全教育、制度、监督并重的惩治和预防腐败体系实施纲要》

<建立健全教育、制度、监督并重的惩治和预防腐败体系实施纲要>的出台,适应了党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争深入发展的迫切要求,是一部具有很强的针对性、指导性和可操作性的反腐防腐的纲领性文件.党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争,是党和国家的重要工作,也是党的建设新的伟大工程的重要组成部分.为此,全面贯彻落实这一<实施纲要>,不断深化党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争,是各级党委、政府和纪检监察机关的重要任务.     

努力推动数学建模教学 提高学生应用数学素质的培养

首先就我校数学建模教学的从起步到有一定的发展的过程进行了简要回顾,然后对制约数学建模健康发展的问题进行了分析,最后针对这些问题提出了努力推动数学建模教学,加强学生应用数学素质培养的方法和设想,希望有助于数学建模教学和竞赛朝着正确的方向发展。     

Witness to Rape: The Limits and Potential of International War Crimes Trials for Victims of Wartime Sexual Violence

¹Despite the proliferation of trauma and memory research inrecent years, we know very little about the contribution oftransitional justice mechanisms to psychological healing andsocietal reconciliation in the aftermath of genocide, armedconflict and politicized violence. Many scholars in this areahave argued that the disclosure of traumatic experiences isbeneficial to the psychological recovery process for survivorsof gross human rights violations. This article critically examinesthis therapeutic assumption within a transitional justice paradigm.The article explores the potentials and limitations of internationalwar crimes trials for victims of wartime sexual violence, focusingspecifically on the International Criminal Tribunal for theformer Yugoslavia (ICTY). The article provides a theoreticalframework for analyzing the significance of testimony at internationalwar crimes trials and raises some critical questions relatedto the psychological impact of trials. It is argued that dueto the sheer diversity and heterogeneity of wartime rape victims,the experience of giving testimony is likely to be mixed: whilesome victims may suffer under the constraints of legal process,under the right circumstances, war crimes trials may help othersto make sense of their suffering.     

建网络 抓调研 推协商 不断创新工会工资工作方法与手段

改革开放以来,上海职工平均工资以年均14．8％的速度增长。但收入分配领域也出现了诸如职工工资增长滞后于经济发展水平,一线职工收入增长缓慢等问题。这不仅挫伤了职工的生产积极性,也影响了职工队伍的稳定和劳动关系的和谐。温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中明确提出：“逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重,提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。”这是工会在工资分配中应当承担的义务和责任。     

The Gender of Transitional Justice: Law, Sexual Violence and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

Recent efforts to develop and implement progressive models oftransitional justice have been significantly influenced by majordevelopments in the law concerning sexual violence in armedconflict. In particular, the International Criminal Tribunalfor the former Yugoslavia has pioneered accountability for sexualviolence against women in armed conflict. This article takesthe ICTY as a case study of how gender can structure the accountabilitymechanisms of transitional justice. The article analyses howlegal norms and practices instantiate and reiterate, ratherthan transform, existing hierarchical gender relations. It considersthe existing models of sexual violence as a criminal harm underinternational law, and then examines gendered patterns of legalpractice in ICTY prosecutions. To address this engendering oftransitional justice, the article produces a new model of theharm of sexual violence in conflict, suggests the developmentof a new international offence of sexual violence and generatesdifferent strategies for international prosecutions of sexualviolence.     

论当前有效开展“中国共产党人精神”教育的途径与方法

中国共产党人精神教育一直是思想政治教育的重要方面,在繁荣发展社会主义先进文化和大学生马克思主义素养培育的过程中理应成为社会主义文化建设中的重要方面。基于此,探讨了有效开展这一教育的途径与方法。     

There Must Be End to Confusion: Policy Networks, Intellectual Fatigue, and the Need for Political Science Methods Courses in British Universities

'Keith Dowding's critique of the network approach ≡ might yet turn out to be a watershed finally marking the intellectual fatigue of policy community and network analysis in Britain.' (Richardson 1999, pp. 198–9)     

Sexual identity,citizenship and medical power of attorney: case illustrations from Northern Ontario,Canada1

Current analyses of sexual identity and citizenship offer complexity to debates about what it means to be a citizen in liberal democratic societies. However, thus far there is limited inclusion of ethnographic, narrative‐based research that addresses how lesbians and gay men experience and negotiate citizenship in their everyday lives. In this paper, I argue that attitudes about medical power of attorney are a lens through which we can examine how lesbians negotiate and experience citizenship in their daily lives and in medical settings. My analysis demonstrates how normative citizenship structures are experienced, reinforced and challenged by four lesbians living in a community in Ontario's Near North region, Canada. In providing case illustrations, I argue that the inclusion of lived experiences strengthens and deepens textual, historical and political analyses of citizenship.