Continental Normativism and Its British Counterpart: How Different Are They?*

Abstract
The separability thesis claims that the concept of law can be explicated independently of morality, the normativity thesis, that it can be explicated independently of fact. Continental normativism, prominent above all in the work of Hans Kelsen, may be characterized in terms of the coupling of these theses. Like Kelsen, H. L. A. Hart is a proponent of the separability thesis. And–a leitmotiv– both theorists reject reductive legal positivism. They do not, however, reject it for the same reasons. Kelsen's reason, in a word, is the normativity thesis. Hart, however, grounds his theory in social fact. In place of the reductive thesis of the legal positivist tradition, and in sharp contrast to Kelsen's normativity thesis, Hart defends a non-reductive version of what the author terms the facticity thesis.     

Trauma,Psychiatric, Substance Use,and Thought Disorders Among Youth in the Juvenile Justice System and How to Deal with Them

The personal stories that youth in juvenile facilities report to their counselors are heartbreaking because they are filled with accounts of excessive trauma resulting from neglect, physical, sexual, and emotional violence perpetrated on these children. Perry found that trauma develops from severe neglect, abuse, and living in terrorizing environments. Trauma changes the neural processing ability within the child's developing brain which can lead to hypervigilance and dysfunctional behavior. ¹ Widom found that children who had been abused or neglected as children have 30% higher arrests as a juvenile and as an adult for a violent offense. ²      

Distributive Justice Norms and Family Work: What Is Perceived as Ideal,What Is Applied,and What Predicts Perceived Fairness?

Members of married couples rated how ideal communal, exchange, and equality rules were for their marriages. They also reported on whether they and their spouses followed each norm in general in their marriages and in the domains of housework and child care. Both men and women considered a communal norm to be more ideal than the other norms and reported that they and their spouse followed a communal norm to a greater extent than an exchange or equality rule, both in general and in the domains of housework and child care. In addition, links between reports of actual division of labor in each domain, as well as reports of norm use, and perceived fairness of the division of family work were examined. Greater inequalities in the division of labor were linked to decreased perceptions of fairness. Controlling for reports of division of labor, women's reports of the self and of the spouse following a communal norm were linked with increased perceptions of fairness as were women's reports of the spouse following an equality rule. In contrast, and again after controlling for reports of division of labor, women's reports of the self following an exchange rule and men's reports of the self and of the spouse following an exchange rule were associated with greater perceived unfairness of the division of family work.     

法与经济学视野中的外部性及其解决方法分析

对于外部性的含义,学者们多从经济学的角度进行界定;而对于外部性的解决方法,学者们又多从制度的角度加以寻求。从法律视角即权利和义务的角度,也可以对外部性进行界定,并由此提出法律解决的方法。在解决外部性方面,经济法机制优于民法和行政法机制,但经济法解决外部性也需要注意一些问题。     

我国中小学校学生欺凌行为及其治理

社会转型期,我国中小学校学生欺凌行为日趋严重。欺凌形式多样,范围广泛,手段恶劣,后果严重,具有明显的全面性、多样性、常态性、隐蔽性等特征。学生欺凌行为形成的主要原因有社会文化失范、行为规范失序、主体人格失当、道德与法制教育失效、共同作用机制失衡等。祛除学生欺凌行为,须以全纳的视角构建多元治理体系,从培养学生美德、关注重要他人、设立反欺凌机构、构建学校道德共同体、建立社会支持系统、形塑社会经典文化、秉持信仰与梦想等方面做起。     

土地征收征用与财产法治发展——兼谈对待当下行政管理革新举措的态度

土地征收、土地征用的概念与一系列相近概念长期处于模糊歧义状态,值得认真辨析;应当重新审视我国土地征收征用制度和农民土地权利保护机制。从财产法治的视角看,中国土地征收征用实践中存在诸多现实问题,突出的是滥用征地权力,征用范围过宽;征地程序不完善,缺乏透明度;征地补偿费不合理、不到位;安置途径简单化,社会保障不力;对违法占地行为处罚过轻、监管不力;等等。鉴于此,应当按照宪法新精神和《物权法》的立法原则以及我国财产法治发展的要求,从深化征地制度改革,规范征地审批权限和程序,改进征地补偿费的确定及分配方法,完善面向失地农民的社会保障制度,加强对征地补偿的监督等方面入手,逐步完善我国的土地征收征用制度。对于当下的农村土地流转制度改革以及不断出现的其他领域行政管理革新举措,应当用发展和法治的眼光来看待、冷静和宽容的态度来对待,同时改革的主事者也应更严谨、更审慎地对待此类重大的改革创新工作。     

Mothers of Violent Children with Mental Illness: How They Perceive Barriers to Effective Help

The goal of the present study was to understand how mothers perceive and experience barriers to effective help for their violent child with mental illness. Data from ethnographic interviews with 26 self-identified mothers of violent children with mental illness were analyzed using grounded theory and focused coding. Our study identified three themes that represent barriers to help: (1) denial of mental illness and severity of violence by treatment providers, extended family, and non-family members; (2) limited access to quality treatment and supports; and (3) a recurring cycle from optimism to hopelessness. To inform policy makers and practitioners on how best to remove these barriers, we draw comparisons between the current sample and survivors of intimate partner violence. Our paper concludes with recommendations for mental health practitioners and family intervention specialists.     

何谓合宪性解释：性质、正当性、限制及运用

法律的合宪性解释是指法律有两种甚或多种解释可能时,择取其中与宪法不相抵触的解释。合宪性解释是一种法律解释方法,更是一项法律解释要求。此种解释方法对于维护国家法秩序的统一与稳定不可或缺,其正当性源于权力分立原则下的司法自制理念。合完性解释有其运用上的限制,对于字义本身违宪之法律适用合宪性解释是对此种解释方法的滥用与误用。在美国、德国等实行宪法审查的国家,合宪性解释方法在其司法实践中得到了广泛运用。具有实效性的宪法审查制度在我国尚未真正建立,合宪性解释方法在我国的司法裁判中有无适用空间值得商榷。     

Working with People Who Are Violent to Their Partners: A Safety Building Approach

This article offers a new perspective on the assessment, treatment and management of adults who are violent to their partners. Using a worked case example, it describes how a solution-focused approach is used to develop, and evidence, safety for all family members.

什么是法律现实主义——庞德、卢埃林、弗兰克之争

美国法律现实主义运动是上世纪初叶最引人瞩目的法律改革运动,其领军人物卢埃林和当时的法学鸿儒庞德之间的争论拉开了这一运动的序幕,作为庞德批判的主要对象弗兰克也加入了论战。论战的实际是关于如何适应社会发展进行法学研究的学者交流。通过论战,现实主义运动真正走到法学研究的前台,更清楚地展示了法律现实主义的真实面目,驱除法学界的曲解和误解。论战也展示了学者之间如何通过真诚的交流推动学术发展。     

低碳技术推广与专利保护的博弈——谈低碳技术专利权人应对技术推广压力的策略

随着人类工业化的推进,环境破坏问题日益严重.为了实现可持续性发展,加大环境保护力度、大力实施低碳技术已成为全球性趋势,推广应用低碳技术已成为全人类的迫切需求.目前,包括强制许可在内的低碳技术强制推广措施已见诸于众多国际条约和国内法律法规中,对于低碳技术专利权人来说,其专利权背后的经济利益面临着前所未有的威胁.如何在现有知识产权制度框架下,既符合全球低碳技术推广的要求,又能够保障自己的经济利益,对于低碳技术专利权人来说是急需解决的问题.在这一问题上,低碳技术专利权人必须主动出击,将其技术转化到实践中去.同时平衡技术推广与专利权利的保护,从而避免强制性措施对其经济利益造成冲击.     

2010年上海世博会如何应对知识产权保护--历届世博会知识产权保护制度的启示

前言世博会又称世界博览会,它是一项由主办国政府组织或政府委托有关部门举办的有较大影响和悠久历史的国际性博览活动。迄今为止已经历了150余年的光辉历史。 负责协调管理世界博览会的国际组织——国际展览局BIE成立于1939年,总部设在法国巴黎。其宗旨就是通过协调和举办世界博览会,促进世界各国经济、文化和科学技术的交流和发展。世博会的运作主要依据签署于1928年的展览会章程——《国际展览公约》。该公约当时由31个国家和政府代表在巴黎签署,分别于1948年、1966年及1972年作过修正,1982年和1988年又通过了相     

Forgetting the First Amendment: How Obscurity-Based Privacy and a Right to Be Forgotten Are Incompatible with Free Speech

The privacy of personal information on the Internet has received special attention recently in both the United States and the European Union, and legislative and regulatory proposals regarding the reform privacy law abound. This article examines several prominent theories that undergird the American First Amendment and attempts to demonstrate that the concept of a privacy interest arising out of the obscurity of information, as a social normative principle, and the right to be forgotten, as a legal mechanism concerned with the European idea of dignity-based privacy, are fundamentally at odds with the right of freedom of speech.     

Politics, Theory and Institutions: Three Reasons Why International Criminal Defence is Hard, and What Might be Done About One of Them

The defence is at a disadvantage compared to the prosecution at most stages of the criminal process. I will discuss three classes of difficulties faced by the defence – theoretical, political and institutional – and suggest what might be done about at least the last of them.     

Introduction: Continuing the Effort to Understand the Relationship Between Positive and Negative Resource Allocations and How They Affect Our Justice Conceptions

Social Justice Research -