欧盟发展合作政策对印度与欧盟关系影响解析

欧盟的发展合作政策体现了欧盟对发展中国家关系的原则和指导方针。它的发展演变深受欧盟内部局势及国际政治经济格局变化的深刻影响。欧盟的发展合作政策深刻地影响了印度与欧盟关系。该政策经历了从无到有,从地区主义到全球主义的发展过程。相应地,印度与欧盟关系也经历了从边缘到战略合作伙伴关系。     

欧盟对援非政策的调整

援助是欧盟发展对非关系的重要政策工具,对欧非关系的发展有重要推动作用。近年来,根据国际形势的变化以及自身的利益需要,欧盟积极调整对非援助政策。在建立欧非新型战略伙伴关系的背景下,这一政策调整有着深远的战略意图,并将对欧非关系的进一步发展产生深远影响。     

欧盟国际气候政策中的消极因素

欧盟的国际气候政策存在诸多消极因素,主要包括：提出的减排目标相对保守;对“共同但有区别的责任”原则采取一种内外有别的实用主义双重标准;在技术转移问题上过于强调知识产权和市场机制的作用;对发展中国家的资金援助虚多实少;其相关产业政策导致排放转移,某些环境和技术标准也不利于发展中国家的可持续发展。这些消极因素与国际气候政治格局的新形势一起,共同决定了欧盟难以重返全球气候治理议程的领导者地位。     

欧盟新地中海政策述评

为了维护在南地中海地区重要的战略和经济利益,欧盟从20世纪90年代中期开始在该地区采取新地中海政策。随着欧盟东扩进程的发展,新地中海政策被纳入"欧洲邻国政策"范围。新地中海政策的实施,扩大了欧盟发展模式对南地中海国家的影响,促进了南地中海国家由计划经济向市场经济的转轨,也促进了政治民主化和法制化、环境保护与经济协调发展和区域经济合作进程,因而对南地中海国家的发展起到一定的推动作用。但由于南地中海国家的国情与欧洲国家迥异,不可能完全照搬欧盟和欧洲国家的发展模式。对于南地中海国家而言,真正的挑战在于如何充分利用欧盟推行南地中海政策所带来的机遇,积极探索符合本国国情的发展道路。     

冷战后欧盟对伊朗的政策

欧盟与伊朗关系是后冷战时代中东地区一对重要的双边关系。为了维护该地区的相对稳定和扩展自身的利益及影响力,欧盟对伊朗采取了不同于冷战后期(1979~1990年)的政策,逐步实施“以接触求转变”的政策。随着伊朗内政、外交的调整和中东地区形势的变动,该项政策在内容上经历了从“批评性对话”到“建设性对话”的转变,在解决伊朗核问题的方式上凸显与美国不同的外交取向。     

欧盟中小企业政策对东北地区就业的启示

20世纪90年代以来,随着改革开放政策的深入,东北地区的就业形势日益严峻。根据数据分析显示,目前东北地区农业、国有和集体企业以及社会服务业的发展均不能有效地带来就业的增长。欧盟对中小企业的扶持政策给了我们很好的启示,他们利用中小企业的发展带动大规模就业,这也是我们应该选择的解决就业问题的有效途径之一。     

欧盟气候变化政策及其经济影响

欧盟气候变化政策随着<京都议定书>的不同发展阶段而不断向前推进.在这一进程中,它对欧盟经济结构和能源结构构成了挑战,但也为产业结构调整和低碳经济的发展带来了机遇.现阶段,欧盟低碳经济在国际上已处于领先地位,具体表征是低碳转型的产业结构、不断完善的碳交易体系、多层次与多渠道的碳金融服务体系.欧盟在低碳领域的快速发展及其对外推广低碳理念及规则标准的强烈意识,将对世界经济产生深远影响.     

欧盟的中亚政策

欧盟的中亚政策是其大周边战略的一环,是为了配合睦邻政策,服务于稳定周边的目标.欧盟中亚政策的形成和演变经历了五个阶段,每个阶段侧重的利益目标不同."新中亚战略"把能源与安全确定为中亚政策的主要目标.为了实现这些目标,欧盟与中亚国家在安全、政治经济改革、能源和交通、投资与贸易方面进行紧密的合作.欧盟中亚政策存在的一些问题,加上欧盟面临的各种挑战,导致欧盟在中亚"大博弈"中处于"第二梯队",位于俄、美、中三国之后.     

欧盟与中国对非援助政策比较研究

欧盟和中国作为重要的对非援助方,由于政治、经济、历史以及文化等因素的影响,双方在对非援助政策上各有特点。同时,它们也有许多可以相互借鉴和学习之处。为了更好地开展对非援助,制定正确的政策,中国可以在坚持自身原则的基础上,在援助形式、管理机制、对外宣传等方面借鉴欧盟的一些成功做法。     

中国对欧盟政策研究报告

本报告是我们试图对欧盟近年来对华政策报告所作的一个回应.9月5日,朱镕基总理将出席在布鲁塞尔举行的第四届中欧领导人会晤,双方将就中欧关系以及共同关心的全球性问题进行密切磋商.这从一个角度反映出当前中欧关系发展的深度与广度.中国与欧盟都正处于巨大的变化过程中,双方未来加强合作的潜力很大.尽管由于最终目标的不明确导致欧盟一体化的深化和新一轮扩大仍面临重大挑战,但机遇也同样存在.欧盟现正凭借其独特的实力和优势,在世界经济和政治中发挥着日益重要的作用.中国对欧盟战略需充分反映出欧盟现有实力及其发展潜力.1995年欧盟在其通过的第一个对华政策文件--<中欧关系长期政策>中指出"欧洲需要一种注重行动的而不仅仅是宣言性的政策来加强欧中关系."中国现在需要的也正是这样一个对欧政策.     

EU social policy studies in China

Over last twenty years, Chinese scholars have paid growing attention to the topics of European social policy and European welfare states. These researches have been motivated less by the learning of the Europe than to learn from Europe for the sake of Chinas reform. The intrinsic inward-looking drive on the part of Chinese researchers is attributable to distinctively different research approaches between the counterparts in China and in Europe. The paper discussed the main issues discussed by the Chinese researchers on European social policy during past twenty years while casting some lights on the most recent developments as well.The Chinese version has been published in the Chinese Journal of European Studies, no.1, 2003. Translated by Ma Jisen, edited by Zhou Mu     

Dead on arrival: normative EU policy towards China

The European Union’s (EU) normative roles in global politics have in recent years been a hotly debated topic. The EU promotes its political values outside of the Union, especially with regard to prospective accession countries and small developing countries. However, a normative foreign policy approach encounters considerable challenges when confronted with major powers, such as China and Russia that do not share the political values promoted by the EU. Attempts at pursuing a normative policy towards these countries often come across as halfhearted. This article discusses EU normative policy towards China. It identifies loss of the moral high ground, conflicting positions of EU members and lack of leverage as the three main factors hampering it. It needs to be recognised that these problems are fundamental and stem from the very nature of the EU itself. The article argues that instead of a halfhearted offensive normative approach towards China or ubiquitous dialogues with partners, the EU may be better off with a more determined policy of defensive normativity. This would entail being more insistent in upholding European values within our own community rather than seeking to export them outside of the Union, and favouring demand-driven cooperation. The choice stands between altering the self-image of the EU to make it better correspond to reality, or making reality live up to the self-image.     

从欧洲邻国政策到东方伙伴关系——欧盟东方政策的新视线

2009年5月欧盟出台的东方伙伴关系,是欧盟协调同其东部邻国关系的最新政策工具.该项倡议是欧洲邻国政策的继承和发展.更重要的是,东方伙伴关系被赋予许多新的使命.该政策的实施将大幅提升欧盟同东部邻国关系的水平,更可能对未来欧俄关系、独联体未来发展,乃至欧亚大陆的地缘政治格局产生重大影响.     

评析欧盟对非洲危机管理政策

冷战结束后,作为欧洲殖民地的非洲大陆频繁发生暴力冲突,牵动着世界尤其是欧盟敏感的神经.这些暴力冲突与前殖民地宗主国即欧盟的某些成员国在殖民时代执行的政策息息相关.欧盟在解决这些危机上具有不可推卸的责任.同时,欧盟想通过执行共同外交与安全政策在国际舞台上扮演重要的角色,把处理非洲危机看成是其共同外交与安全政策的试验场.因此欧盟特别重视非洲的危机管理,并形成了一整套相关的独特政策.     

Leaderisation in foreign policy: performing the role of EU High Representative

ABSTRACT

This article examines how the mediatised context of foreign policy provides new opportunities for political leaders to both frame and project their own leadership role to new audiences. The past ten years have witnessed a sharp rise in political leaders’ use of new social media to communicate on a range of foreign policy issues. We argue that this new media context of foreign policy, combined with a bolstered leadership mandate, has been central to the construction of a more visible public leadership role for the EU High Representative in the post-Lisbon era. Departing from recent scholarship on performative leadership and new media in International Relations theory, we develop an original theoretical framework drawing on Erving Goffman’s dramaturgy of impression management. We employ the concept of “leaderisation” to analyse how mediatisation shapes the leadership process in terms of personification and drama to enable new forms of interaction with followers. We apply this framework in an illustrative case study focusing on the process of negotiating the EU Global Strategy. This diplomatic process provided the High Representative Mogherini with a stage on which she could frame herself in a central leadership position vis-à-vis European citizens to mobilise greater legitimacy for the EU as a global actor.     

The EU and the Mediterranean: Overhauling the status quo policy approach

Redefining sovereignty: The use of force after the end of the cold war / edited by Michael Bothe, Ellen O'Connell, Natalino Ronzitti. ‐ Ardsley : Transnational Publishers, c2005. ‐ xii, 496 p. ‐ ISBN 1–57105–324–7     

The EU and China: policy perceptions of economic cooperation and competition

Asia Europe Journal - Both the EU and China agree on the importance of their bilateral economic relationship, but there are differences in how the relationship is perceived. The gap is reflected in...