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1.
Kerpelman Jennifer L. Shoffner Marie F. Ross-Griffin Sabrina 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2002,31(4):289-302
The current study combines qualitative and quantitative data to examine beliefs and strategies related to possible selves within a sample of 22 rural African American female adolescents and their mothers. Mother–daughter pairs responded to interview questions pertaining to the adolescents' desired possible selves. Pairs also completed a possible selves Q-sort focusing on the personal attributes, roles, and life circumstances that might be expected for an adolescent's future adulthood. Academic and occupational selves were the most prominent possible selves discussed during the interviews. A mother's exposure to college influenced her strategies for helping her daughter reach academic and career goals. Findings from the Q-sort data indicated two distinctive mother–daughter groups, with one group emphasizing daughter's personal attributes and the other group putting greatest weight on the daughter's future occupations and life circumstances. The relative importance of possible selves was related to the strategies that mothers and daughters used to help the adolescent reach her goals. 相似文献
2.
Griffith Michael A. Dubow Eric F. Ippolito Maria F. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2000,29(2):183-204
In this study, we investigated developmental and cross-situational differences in strategies adolescents use to cope with family, school, and peer stressors. We also examined the relation between adolescents' use of coping strategies and two indices of adjustment (self perceptions of their adjustment as a result of coping with the specific stressor and state anxiety). The sample included 148 seventh graders, 124 ninth graders, and 103 twelfth graders (n = 375). Approach coping increased across the three grade levels, especially in relation to family and peer stressors. Adolescents used more avoidance than approach coping strategies for family stressors, and more approach than avoidance strategies for school and peer stressors. Across stressors, approach coping predicted more favorable outcomes and avoidance coping predicted less favorable outcomes. Coping strategies in response to a specific stressor were more strongly predictive of stressor-specific adjustment than state anxiety, suggesting the need to include both stressor-specific and global measures of adjustment in assessing the relation between coping and adjustment. 相似文献
3.
Ethnic and American Identity as Predictors of Self-Esteem Among African American,Latino, and White Adolescents 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
In order to examine ethnic and American identity as predictors of self-esteem among adolescents, we surveyed 669 American-born high school students (372 Latinos, 232 African Americans, and 65 Whites). Participants completed measures of self-esteem, ethnic identity, American identity, attitudes toward other groups, and demographic variables. Multiple regression analyses of self-esteem were carried out separately for each ethnic group, using ethnic and American identity, other-group attitudes, gender, age, socioeconomic status, and grade point average as predictors. Results indicated that for all groups ethnic identity was a significant predictor of self-esteem. For the White students only, American identity was a strong predictor of self-esteem and was highly correlated with ethnic identity. Other predictors varied across ethnic groups. Although ethnic identity was a significant predictor of self-esteem, it accounted for a relatively small proportion of the variance, suggesting the importance of other influences on self-esteem. 相似文献
4.
Aashir Nasim Rosalie Corona Faye Belgrave Shawn O. Utsey Niloofar Fallah 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):503-516
The present study examined cultural orientation as a protective factor against tobacco and marijuana smoking for African American
young women (ages 18 to 25). African American college students (N=145) from a predominantly White university were administered subscales from the African American Acculturation Scale-Revised
(AAAS-R); the shortened Individualism/Collectivism (INDCOL) Scale; a Tobacco and Drug Use Survey; and a background survey.
Multiple logistic regression was conducted using cultural orientation variables as predictors and smoking status (i.e., tobacco
and marijuana) as the criterion. It was expected that young women who endorsed traditional African American cultural characteristics
(i.e., religious beliefs, health, family values, and socialization) and were collectivistic in their community (i.e., cultural
interdependency) and familial (i.e., familial interdependency) interactions would be less likely to smoke. Results show that
traditional religious beliefs and practice was protective against tobacco smoking for this sample of young women. Familial
interdependency (e.g., supportive exchanges between friends, and consultation and sharing with parents), and traditional religious
beliefs and practices surfaced as protective factors against marijuana smoking. Traditional health beliefs and practices was
a risk factor for both tobacco and marijuana smoking. The implications signal the need for smoking prevention and cessation
programs to focus on interpersonal factors which may strengthen African American young women’s religious and familial bonding.
Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. Dr. Nasim also serves as
affiliate research professor in the Center for Cultural Experiences in Prevention (CCEP), Department of Psychology, Virginia
Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA. He received his Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Howard University, Washington,
DC. His primary research interests focus on the etiology of substance use behaviors among African Americans
Professor of Psychology at Virginia Commonwealth University, and Director of the Center for Cultural Experiences in Prevention
(CCEP). She received her Ph.D. from the University of Maryland. Her research and programmatic efforts focus on the role of
culture, community, and context in psychological, physical, and social outcomes among African Americans
Assistant Professor at Virginia Commonwealth University. She received her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from the University
of California, Los Angeles. Her major research interests focus on minority youth adjustment, adolescent sexual health, and
families affected by HIV/AIDS.
Associate Professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in the Department of Psychology. He received his Ph.D. in Counseling
Psychology from Fordham University. His research interest is in the area of African American culture and mental health.
Institute for Innovative Health & Human Services at James Madison University. She received her B.S. in Psychology from James
Madison University. Her research focuses on school-based interventions for adolescents. 相似文献
5.
African American Adolescents' Perceptions of Family Interactions: Kinship Support,Parent–Child Relationships,and Teen Adjustment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study examined perceived kinship support and parenting practices for 158 African American adolescents in the 9th and 10th grades. Kinship support showed direct associations with teen outcomes that, for work orientation and school orientation, were partially mediated by parenting practices. With a few exceptions, kinship support was positively associated with youth adjustment for teens from single-parent and 2-parent homes, teens with college educated and less educated parents, and for girls and boys. Both kinship support and maternal warmth predicted self-reliance, work orientation, and school orientation. Kinship support was the primary predictor of ethnic identity. 相似文献
6.
The current study examined the impact of racial discrimination stress on internalizing symptoms and coping strategies in a
sample of 268 African American early adolescents (mean age = 12.90; 56% female) from low-income communities. Information about
discrimination stress, coping, and internalizing symptoms was obtained via adolescents’ self-report. It was predicted that
discrimination stress would be positively associated with depression and anxiety, as well as culturally-specific coping. Finally,
culturally-relevant coping and mainstream coping were examined as moderators of the association between discrimination stress
and internalizing symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that discrimination stress was positively associated
with depression and anxiety and predicted culturally-relevant coping while controlling for mainstream coping. Communalistic
coping moderated the association between discrimination and anxiety, but demonstrated a vulnerability function by increasing
anxiety at high levels of discrimination. The results highlight the salience of racial discrimination for African American
adolescents and the importance of considering culturally-specific coping behaviors.
相似文献
Noni K. Gaylord-HardenEmail: |
7.
Morris A. Forslund 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1978,7(3):327-332
Despite long concern in the United States over alcohol consumption by adolescents and problems associated with drinking among Native Americans, few studies have dealt with the functions of drinking for Native American and White youth. The findings presented here are based on responses to a self-report questionnaire administered to ninth- through twelfth-grade students at two high schools in Fremont County, Wyoming — the county where the great majority of Wyoming's Native American population resides. Based on work by Jessor, Carman and Grossman, 30 items concerning positive-social, personal-effect, and experiential reasons for drinking were examined. Although there are some statistically significant differences in responses to individual items and statistically significant differences between Indian and White males and females on the Personal-Effect and Positive-Social categories of items, the functions of drinking appear to be quite similar for these Indian and White youth.Received his Ph.D. in sociology from Yale University in 1966. Current research interest is determining the impact of a heroin treatment program on the incidence and prevalence of heroin use in Cheyenne, Wyoming. 相似文献
8.
José A. Bauermeister Marc A. Zimmerman Tracey E. Barnett Cleopatra Howard Caldwell 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(7):877-890
Researchers have found mixed support for documenting whether work is protective or harmful during adolescence. This study
examined the association between work and problem behaviors among African American youth (N = 592; 53% female; M = 14.8 years, SD = .60) followed from mid-adolescence to young adulthood over eight Waves (90% response rate over the first four Waves and
a 68% response rate across all eight Waves). We explored three competing operationalizations of work: work history (never
worked, worked), work intensity (no work, 20 h or less, and 21 h or over), and work trajectories (never worked, episodic work,
stopped working, late starter, and consistent worker). Non-working youth reported higher marijuana use during young adulthood
than their working counterparts. Nonworkers reported lower self-acceptance during young adulthood than those working greater
number of hours per week. Differences in work trajectories for cigarette use, depression, and anxiety during adolescence imply
that when and for how long youth work are also important factors to explore. Our findings lend tentative support to the work
benefits perspective and suggest that the association between work and problem behaviors may depend on the work measure used.
We discuss the implications of employing different work measures in adolescent research.
相似文献
Cleopatra Howard CaldwellEmail: |
9.
Jeanne Saunders Larry Davis Trina Williams James Herbert Williams 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2004,33(1):81-90
There is increasing divergence in the academic outcomes of African American males and females. By most accounts, males are falling behind their female peers educationally as African American females are graduating from high schools at higher rates and are going on to college and graduate school in greater numbers. Some have suggested that school completion and performance is associated with how students feel about themselves. The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in the relationship between self-perceptions and 2 academic outcomes among a sample of 243 African American high school sophomores. The results suggest that, overall, females are more favorably oriented toward high school completion. Both male and female students with more positive self-perceptions have stronger intentions to complete the current year of high school. Higher grade point averages were more strongly associated with greater self-efficacy for females than for males. Given these findings, increased attention to educational programming, societal messages, and future research is warranted. 相似文献
10.
Implications of Out-of-School Activities for School Engagement in African American Adolescents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aryn M. Dotterer Susan M. McHale Ann C. Crouter 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):391-401
The connection between out-of-school activities and school engagement was examined in 140, 6th through 9th grade African American
adolescents. Youth’s out-of-school activities were measured with a series of 7 nightly phone calls and focused on time in
structured (homework, academically-oriented, extracurricular/sports) and unstructured (watching television, hanging out with
peers) activities. School engagement was assessed during a home interview in terms of affective (school bonding), behavioral
(school grades), and cognitive (school self-esteem) dimensions. Regression analyses controlling for parents’ education and
youth grade in school showed that more time in extracurricular activities was associated with greater school self-esteem and
school bonding. In addition, more time spent on homework was associated with greater school bonding for boys. Conversely,
more time watching television was associated with lower school self-esteem and school bonding.
Aryn M. Dotterer is a postdoctoral scholar at the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute at the University of North
Carolina. She received her Ph.D. in Human Development and Family Studies from The Pennsylvania State University. Her major
research interests include the development of and changes in school engagement and academic achievement among ethnic minority
and low income youth from childhood through adolescence with an emphasis on parenting and family-school linkages.
Susan M. McHale is a Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at The Pennsylvania State University. She received
her Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her major research interests focus
on children’s and adolescents’ family roles, relationships and activities with a particular emphasis on gendered family dynamics
and youth’s sibling relationship experiences.
Ann C. Crouter is a Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at The Pennsylvania State University. She received her
Ph.D. in Human Development and Family Studies from Cornell University. Her major research interests focus on the implications
of parents’ work situations for parents’ and children’s health, psychological development, and family relationships. 相似文献
11.
This study examined gender, family structure, SES and language usage as predictors of cultural orientation and family cohesion.
Ethnic differences in trajectories of family cohesion were tested within a hierarchical linear modeling framework. The sample
consisted of 4156 adolescent respondents, measured at three time points during three consecutive years. The three study groups
consisted of Mexican Americans oriented to Mexican culture (N = 738), Mexican Americans oriented to majority American culture (N = 867), and Non-Hispanic Whites (N = 2551). Family cohesion was assessed using the cohesion subscale of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES III).
Analyses consisted of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) in which a linear trajectory of family cohesion for the three groups
was computed followed by a test for the effects of ethnicity with the inclusion of control variables. Thus, ethnic differences
in the trajectories of family cohesion over time were examined. Neither group of Mexican Americans was significantly different
from Non-Hispanic Whites in initial status. However, Mexican Americans oriented to Mexican culture showed a significant increase
in family cohesion at mid adolescence.
Judith C. Baer is an Associate Professor at Rutgers University. She received her Ph.D. in Social Work from the University
of Houston. Her major research interests include the study of adolescent development within the contexts of culture, and family,
adolescent sexual risk taking, and the nosology of mental disorders.
Mark F. Schmitz is Clinical Assistant Professor at Temple University. He received his Ph.D. in sociology at Iowa State University.
His major research interest involves the use of several large epidemiologic datasets for an extensive examination of the empirical
basis for the diagnostic criteria of various DSM-IV mental disorders. He also is involved in research on cultural issues in
child development and family processes. 相似文献
12.
Stevenson Howard C. Herrero-Taylor Teri Cameron Rick Davis Gwendolyn Y. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2002,31(6):473-485
While the violent behavior of youth continues to strike fear in the hearts of American citizens, researchers still are unable to make sense of interpersonal and ecological cultural factors that mitigate anger acted out toward others and turned inward. A cultural phenomenological perspective was applied to investigate if self- and other-perceived physical maturity and racial socialization experiences were influential in the expressions of anger and aggression among African American youth. Cross-validation of self-reports of fighting variables was found. Results indicate that the initiation and frequency of fighting behavior is higher for boys, youth who look physically mature, who report lower levels of calamity fear, lower levels of racial socialization, higher levels of anger acting out, and lower levels of anger control. Racial socialization is proposed as 1 way to manage cultural ecological demands that may lead to the use of aggression. Implications for community psychological intervention of violence are proposed. 相似文献
13.
Melissa L. Robinson Grayson N. Holmbeck Roberta Paikoff 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):453-464
A sample of 146 African American adolescents living in impoverished neighborhoods with high HIV rates participated in the
Chicago HIV Prevention and Adolescent Mental Health Project (CHAMP), a longitudinal study of adolescent HIV risk exposure.
The current study examined self-reported reasons why African American adolescents may participate in risky sexual behavior.
Adolescents completed a questionnaire regarding their sexual behaviors and reasons for having sex at Wave 3 of data collection.
Findings from the study revealed that females used condoms less consistently while males had more sexual partners and sexually
debuted earlier. Regression analyses also indicated that males were more likely to endorse self-esteem enhancing reasons for
having sex and those who did also reported a higher number of sexual partners. Males were more likely to endorse power-related
reasons for having sex and those who did tended to sexually debut earlier. Across both genders, results suggested that those
adolescents who endorsed more self-esteem enhancing reasons for having sex were less likely to use condoms consistently. Implications
for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
Doctoral candidate in the Clinical Psychology Program at Loyola University Chicago. She received her Master of Arts from Loyola
University Chicago in Clinical Psychology. Her research interests are in HIV/AIDS prevention in African American communities,
particularly amongst adolescent girls.
Professor of Clinical Psychology and Director of Clinical Training at Loyola University. He received his Ph.D. in Clinical
Psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. His interests lie in family relations during early and late adolescence,
developmental psychopathology, the interface between developmental psychology and clinical child psychology, pediatric psychology
(e.g., adolescents with physical disabilities), statistical applications in psychology, and research design.
Associate Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She received her Ph.D. in Child
Psychology from the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis Her research interests lie in normative developmental processes
during the transition to adolescence. 相似文献
14.
The persistent underachievement among African American boys has led to increased empirical inquiry, yet little research considers
within-group variation in achievement nor positive youth characteristics that help explain positive achievement outcomes.
This study conceptualized culturally-based factors (racial pride and religiosity) as adolescent assets that would promote
African American boys’ achievement and also enhance positive effects of other youth assets (positive educational utility beliefs)
on achievement. Our sample included 158 adolescent boys (M = 17.08) from a large, socioeconomically diverse suburban community context. Accounting for demographic background variables,
educational utility beliefs were positively associated with academic grade performance. A significant educational utility
beliefs and racial pride interaction indicated a stronger, positive association of educational utility beliefs with grade
performance among boys with higher racial pride relative to those with lower racial pride. Also, there was a stronger positive
association between educational utility beliefs and grades for boys reporting lower religious importance, but boys endorsing
both lower educational utility beliefs and religious importance were at highest risk for low grade performance. Overall results
suggest the importance of considering culturally-based factors in studying achievement motivation processes among ethnic minority
adolescents. 相似文献
15.
Hazel M. Prelow Marvella A. Bowman Scott R. Weaver 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):543-553
Hierarchical regression analyses were used to identify factors that functioned as either promotive or protective factors against
the impact of ecological risk on the psychological adjustment of 112 African American and 94 European American adolescents
(13–19 years of age). Indicators of ecological risk, promotive/protective factors, and adjustment were assessed concurrently
via adolescent self-report questionnaires. Supportive parenting emerged as a promotive factor for both African American and
European American adolescents for academic achievement, competence, and problem behaviors. Additionally, school connectedness
served as a promotive factor for both African American and European American adolescents with competence as the criterion.
However, in analyses with problem behaviors as the criterion, school connectedness intensified the effect of ecological risk
for European American adolescents. Of the three hypothesized positive factors (supportive parenting, ethnic identity, and
school connectedness), only ethnic identity emerged as a protective factor for problem behaviors and this effect was only
observed for European American adolescents.
An assistant Professor in Psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York. Received her PhD in Clinical
Psychology from the University of North Texas. Major research interests are risk and resiliency processes in ethnic minority
youth and measurement equivalence issues.
Doctoral student in Clinical Psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York. Research interests are
risk and protective factors in minority youth
Post-doctoral Fellow now at Arizona State University. Received his PhD in Clinical Psychology from the University at Albany,
State University of New York. Research interests are risk and protective processes in minority youth and measurement equivalence
issues 相似文献
16.
刘新萍 《中国劳动关系学院学报》2011,25(3):104-106
实验性教学是实现理论学习与实践应用有效耦合的重要途径,也是培养应用型、技能型和复合型人才的重要方式.高职院校作为实施职业教育的重要载体,在实验性教学方面具有不可替代的作用.经过近30年的发展,高职院校在实验性教学方面已经取得了很多成就,但囿于各种因素的约束,现有的实验性教学也存在诸多问题. 相似文献
17.
18.
Susan M. McHale Kimberly A. Updegraff Ji-Yeon Kim Emily Cansler 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(5):627-641
The links between youth’s daily activities and adjustment and the role of cultural practices and values in these links were
studied in 469 youth from 237 Mexican American families. In home interviews, data on mothers’, fathers’, and two adolescent-age
siblings’ cultural practices (language use, social contacts) and values (for familism, for education achievement) were collected,
along with data on youth risky behavior and depressive symptoms. In 7 nightly phone calls, youth reported on their day’s free
time activities (i.e., sports, academics, religious activities, television viewing, and hanging out). Analyses revealed that
youth who spent more time in unsupervised hanging out reported more depressive symptoms and risky behavior, and those who
spent more time in academic activities reported less risky behavior. Results also indicated that more Anglo-oriented youth
spent more time in sports, that more Mexican-oriented youth spent more time watching television, that fathers’ familism values
were related to youth’s time in religious activities, and that parents’ educational values were linked to youth’s time in
academic activities. Some evidence indicated that parents’ cultural practices and values, particularly fathers’, moderated
the links between daily activities and youth adjustment.
相似文献
Emily CanslerEmail: |
19.
A growing body of research has linked exposure to violence to violent behavior, but few studies have examined the impact of the timing of exposure to violence on violent behavior among inner city, minority youth. Theoretical insights derived from developmental psychology and psychopathology (DPP) and Agnew’s general strain theory (GST) give contrasting accounts of whether exposure to violence has a short term or long term impact on violent behavior. Five waves of data collected from African American youth living in twelve high poverty inner city neighborhoods was used to examine how the timing of exposure to violence over a four year time period impacts year five violent behavior. Multivariate results support GST’s contention that more proximal exposure to violence has a larger impact on violent behavior. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings for adolescent development in high poverty settings are discussed.
相似文献
Richard SpanoEmail: |
20.
Psychological Symptoms Linking Exposure to Community Violence and Academic Functioning in African American Adolescents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Danielle R. Busby Sharon F. Lambert Nicholas S. Ialongo 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2013,42(2):250-262
African American adolescents are exposed disproportionately to community violence, increasing their risk for emotional and behavioral symptoms that can detract from learning and undermine academic outcomes. The present study examined whether aggressive behavior and depressive and anxious symptoms mediated the association between exposure to community violence and academic functioning, and if the indirect effects of community violence on academic functioning differed for boys and girls, in a community sample of urban African American adolescents (N = 491; 46.6 % female). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the indirect effect of exposure to community violence in grade 6 on grade 8 academic functioning. Results revealed that aggression in grade 7 mediated the association between grade 6 exposure to community violence and grade 8 academic functioning. There were no indirect effects through depressive and anxious symptoms, and gender did not moderate the indirect effect. Findings highlight the importance of targeting aggressive behavior for youth exposed to community violence to not only improve their behavioral adjustment but also their academic functioning. Implications for future research are discussed. 相似文献